Speeches Archives - Friends of Socialist China

Chinamaxxing in the 1960s and 1970s

The following is the full text of the presentation prepared by our co-editor Keith Bennett for our April 12 webinar on the subject of ‘Socialist Chinamaxxing: How China’s achievements are a product of socialism’. Due to time constraints, Keith previously delivered an abbreviated version of his remarks. The livestream of the webinar and videos of all the speeches as delivered can be viewed here. The video of Keith’s speech is embedded below the text.

We’ve heard some excellent speakers on the present trend of Chinamaxxing.

For my part, I’m going to attempt to give a certain historical and comparative perspective. Going back to the 1960s and 70s. And therefore, if you like, making a case that what we see today is at least Chinamaxxing 2.0, even if the term itself didn’t previously exist.

My focus here is on the cultural and intellectual rather than the party political. Although the background and context are inevitably political.

The late 1960s and 70s were a time of great change in China. Political life was still in tumult, but the mass mobilisations of the Cultural Revolution abated and were curtailed. A stridently revolutionary foreign policy gave way to handshakes between Chairman Mao and President Nixon. And a procession of other western political leaders generally from the right of the political spectrum, such as Britain’s Edward Heath.

But what remained at the time was a sense that China was a remote and somewhat mysterious place. Literally a world away from the West. Few people went there. Besides political considerations on both sides there were also objective factors. Social media and mobile telephony simply did not exist. As late as the mid-1980s, the London-Beijing flight with BA was London-Rome-Bahrain-Hong Kong-Beijing.

Yet the fascination for China in important sectors of western societies belied and overcame the physical and mental remoteness.

The political seeped into the cultural and each impacted on the other.

Barely two months after France had been shaken by the events of May 1968, and four months after demonstrators protesting the American war in Vietnam had clashed with police outside the US embassy in London, the Beatles recorded a track entitled Revolution, composed by John Lennon. Initially released as the B side to the single Hey Jude, it includes the lines:

But if you go carryin’ pictures of Chairman Mao

You ain’t gonna make it with anyone anyhow

Apparently, this was a late addition to the words, being added in the studio, but Lennon said in a promotional clip that he regarded them as the song’s most important lyrics.

They may have been meant to express disapproval, but he had certainly noticed the phenomenon. Moreover, they encountered a backlash.

New Left Review dismissed the song as “a lamentable petty bourgeois cry of fear.” But by January 1971, in a conversation with Tariq Ali, Lennon said of the song: “I made a mistake, you know. The mistake was that it was anti-revolution.” The following year, he remarked: “I should have never said that about Chairman Mao.”

Socialist Chinamaxxing: How China’s achievements are a product of socialism

On Sunday 12 April, Friends of Socialist China hosted a webinar on the subject of Socialist Chinamaxxing: How China’s achievements are a product of socialism.

In spite of several years of intense propaganda and misinformation about China in the media, large numbers of young people in the West are going through “a very Chinese time in their lives”, not least because they are seeing China’s extraordinary achievements in poverty reduction, technological innovation, ecological protection, infrastructure development and more.

This webinar explored how these achievements are a product of China’s social, political and economic system: socialism. The speakers argued that China’s progress would simply not have been possible within a framework of capitalist rule, and that the country’s experience provides a powerful example of the superiority of socialism in terms of delivering for the people and for the planet.

The speakers were:

Li Jingjing (Journalist and political commentator, CGTN)
Tings Chak (Asia co-coordinator, Tricontinental Institute)
George Galloway (Former MP, leader of Workers Party of Britain)
Danny Haiphong (Geopolitical analyst and journalist)
Ben Norton (Editor, Geopolitical Economy Report)
Chen Weihua (Former China Daily EU bureau chief)
Qiao Collective (Diaspora Chinese media collective)
Ileana Chan (Host of the Global Majority for Peace podcast)
Keith Bennett (Co-editor, Friends of Socialist China)
Chair: Carlos Martinez (Co-editor, Friends of Socialist China)

Embedded below is the full event stream, followed by the individual speeches.

China’s solidarity with Venezuela, Iran and Cuba

The text below is an edited version of a talk given by Alex C during a launch event for the book “China Changes Everything” held at the SHAPE (Self Help for African People Everywhere) Center in Houston and online on March 28, 2026.

The speech observes that, as the US escalates its wars of aggression against the Global South – invading Venezuela, bombing Iran and tightening its stranglehold on Cuba – the People’s Republic of China has stood firmly alongside the peoples under attack. Alex C traces China’s concrete solidarity with three revolutionary nations on the frontlines of the struggle against imperialism. In Venezuela, China defended Maduro’s government against US-backed coup attempts, and provided critical economic assistance and diplomatic support.

In Iran, China has been a lifeline, purchasing Iranian oil to offset the impact of sanctions, supplying military components, and building a comprehensive strategic partnership that has fundamentally undermined Washington’s efforts to economically strangle the Islamic Republic.

In Cuba, China has contributed $80 million toward the island’s electrical grid, forgiven substantial debt, and partnered with Havana on an ambitious transition to renewable energy.

Drawing on the lessons of Lenin and Mao, the speech reminds us that “nations which embrace revolutionary socialism can and will endure the onslaught of imperialism” – and calls on those of us in the imperial core to stand with the anti-imperialist camp.

The text of the speech first appeared on Workers World. The text is followed by a video of the full launch event.

Venezuela — like China, Iran, Cuba and so many other countries under siege by the United States — is one of many links in the chain of international proletarian revolution. To paraphrase China’s Chairman Mao Zedong, the Venezuelan people stood up in 1999, proclaiming that from that day forth, they would be the masters of Venezuela’s destiny, not international capital.

Chinese Embassy in London hosts briefing and discussion on Two Sessions

The Chinese Embassy in London hosted a symposium on March 19 for Ambassador Zheng Zeguang to brief on the recently concluded annual ‘Two Sessions’ – of the National People’s Congress (NPC) and the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) – held in Beijing, which he had attended as a CPPCC member, and to exchange views in this regard with British friends from various walks of life.

He began, however, with remarks concerning current events in West Asia, which he correctly noted is an issue with which everyone is concerned. The US-Israeli war of aggression against Iran is, he noted, a war that should never happened and Iran had been attacked while negotiations were ongoing; it is a war that does no good to anyone, that had no authorisation from the UN, and that violates international law.

The Ambassador further outlined the ongoing diplomatic efforts to restore peace being undertaken by Foreign Minister Wang Yi as well as by Zhai Jun, special envoy of the Chinese government on the Middle East issue, who was still in the region at time of speaking.

Ambassador Zheng noted that the Two Sessions reviewed and adopted the Government Work Report and the Outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan, setting key priorities for China’s economic and social development in 2026, and providing top-level design for development over the next five years.

They are, he explained, a vivid example of whole-process people’s democracy under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. During the Two Sessions, deputies to the National People’s Congress and members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference gather in Beijing to deliberate on state affairs. Both the Government Work Report and the Outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan were formulated after extensive consultation with all sectors of society, bringing together the broadest possible wisdom and consensus, and reflecting the shared will of the Chinese people.

Ambassador Zheng identified the scientific formulation and implementation of Five-Year Plans as an important governance experience of the Party and a distinctive political advantage of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Through successive Five-Year Plans, China has worked with perseverance to translate its blueprint into reality, creating the twin miracles of rapid economic growth and long-term social stability. By implementing the 15th Five-Year Plan, China will continue to write new chapters in these two miracles and provide stability and positive energy to the world.

He also pointed out that the world is undergoing growing transformation and volatility. Unilateralism and acts of bullying are on the rise, regional conflicts persist, and the international order is facing serious challenges. The more turbulent the world becomes, the greater the need to promote dialogue and cooperation. China always stands on the side of international fairness and justice and on the right side of history. China stands ready to strengthen cooperation with all countries in implementing the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, the Global Civilisation Initiative, and the Global Governance Initiative, with a view to a community with a shared future for humanity.

Victor Gao: Stop the war on Iran

In an International Manifesto Group webinar held on 1 March, prominent Chinese scholar Victor Gao – Vice President of the Center for China and Globalization – gives a powerful critique of the latest Israeli-US aggression against Iran.

Victor correctly characterises the war launched by Israel and the United States as “a war of aggression and a war of injustice”. He goes on to unambiguously uphold Iran’s right to self-defence:

I listened very carefully to UN Secretary-General António Guterres when he spoke at the Security Council of the United Nations. He condemned the war launched by Israel and the United States against Iran, which I fully support. But he also condemned the military attacks launched by Iran against quite a few countries in the Middle East.

I tend to disagree with Secretary-General Guterres. Why? Because Iran, in my view, has the full right to strike at any military bases, facilities, installations, or military personnel of the United States in other regions in that part of the world—including, for example, in Qatar, the UAE, Bahrain, and so on.

Otherwise, it would be completely odd for Iran to be attacked in such an aggressive manner by the United States and Israel, and yet be expected to sit like a sitting duck under such military attacks – attempts to overthrow its government, probably also to destroy its civilisation – while being bound by the futility of not striking at the military facilities and installations in its neighbourhood, which most likely have been used one way or another in launching this ongoing attack against Iran.

He proceeds to reiterate China’s orientation towards peace and its clear interest in seeing an end to hostilities: “China’s imported oil accounts for about 75 percent of the total oil we consume annually. Much of that comes from the Middle East, and much of it needs to go through the Strait of Hormuz. So we have a vested interest in keeping peace in the Middle East rather than seeing the continuation of the war and the deterioration of the situation.”

Victor concludes with a stark warning:

The US and its allies want to expand. They want to take over land, oil, gas and other minerals from the legitimate possession of other countries. They want to violate sovereignty and territorial integrity. They want to impose war – and this will not be the last war. They want to impose war after war against other countries. If we do not unite to put a stop to this aggression and war, I think they will push the situation – not only involving Iran, or the Middle East, but the whole world – into an abyss of turmoil, chaos, instability, and destruction.

The video of the speech is embedded below.

The US is pursuing a global Monroe Doctrine

The following article is based on a presentation given by Friends of Socialist China co-editor Carlos Martinez at the Latin America Adelante Conference in London on 7 February 2026. The presentation was part of a session on ‘Latin America, the New Cold War and the Rising Global South’, which was also addressed by Sophie Bold (CND General Secretary), Roger McKenzie (Morning Star International Editor) and Fiona Sim (Co-founder, Black Liberation Alliance). The session was chaired by Carole Regan of the Cuba Solidarity Campaign.

Carlos’s presentation focused on the Trump administration’s National Security Strategy and its implications for Latin America, as well as its connection to the US’s longstanding global strategy of encirclement and containment against China. Carlos concludes:

The ruling class is pushing an agenda that is increasingly unpopular and untenable — an agenda of permanent war, economic decline and ecological destruction. We need to push our own agenda: one of peace, multilateralism, solidarity, and the broadest possible global cooperation to confront the existential threats facing humanity.

The Trump administration’s National Security Strategy (NSS), released in late November 2025, has been the subject of widespread comment and a diverse array of interpretations. For those of us concerned with questions of peace, sovereignty and international justice, its most striking feature is its explicit reassertion of the Monroe Doctrine, shifting the focus of US military strategy towards “defending our hemisphere”, with more troops, bases and military operations in the Americas.

US hegemony over the Western Hemisphere is of course nothing new. Since the Monroe Doctrine was first promulgated in 1823, the United States has treated Latin America and the Caribbean as its backyard, overthrowing governments, installing dictatorships, funding death squads and imposing economic subjugation as a matter of routine. But, at least in the post-WW2 era, previous administrations have at least maintained some pretence of respect for international law and the sovereignty of other nations. The NSS does away with any such niceties, declaring that “the United States will reassert and enforce the Monroe Doctrine to restore American preeminence in the Western Hemisphere” and “deny non-Hemispheric competitors the ability to position forces or other threatening capabilities, or to own or control strategically vital assets, in our Hemisphere.”

Multipolarity and Chinese modernisation are distinct concepts but they are inextricably intertwined

As previously reported by us, an international forum on the theme of Multipolarity and Chinese Modernisation, hosted by the Shanghai University of Finance and Economics (SUFE), was held on 13 December 2025 in Shanghai. This conference brought together numerous scholars, authors and researchers from around the world to explore pathways toward a prosperous and multipolar future for humanity.

We print below the text of the speech to the conference by Friends of Socialist China co-editor Keith Bennett, which was delivered by video recording.

Keith’s speech stresses the interrelationship of multipolarity and Chinese modernisation in the context of President Xi Jinping’s thesis that the world is presently seeing changes unseen in a century.

Proceeding from Lenin’s 1923 observation that, “In the last analysis, the outcome of the struggle will be determined by the fact that Russia, India, China, etc., account for the overwhelming majority of the population of the globe. And during the past few years it is this majority that has been drawn into the struggle for emancipation with extraordinary rapidity… In this sense, the complete victory of socialism is fully and absolutely assured,” Keith notes how the progress of humanity over the ensuing century has conformed to that essential paradigm, such that quantitative increase is leading to qualitative change. “We are indeed witnessing the sun setting in the west and rising in the east and south.”

With bodies such as BRICS+ and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) in the forefront, “it is socialist China that is today the indispensable nation in driving the changes unseen in a century.”

Until now, Keith notes, modernisation has only been achieved by a minority of, overwhelmingly majority white, nations. In terms of scale alone, therefore, as China is home to some 22 per cent of the world’s population, China’s modernisation will more than double the percentage of humanity living in modernised societies. As such, it will profoundly change, and indeed revolutionise, global society, economy and culture, and hence the prospects and possibilities for those nations and peoples still facing the tasks of development and modernisation.

Therefore, socialism with Chinese characteristics offers a new option for other countries and nations who want to speed up their development while preserving their independence.

I would like to express my thanks to the Shanghai University of Finance and Economics for their kind invitation to participate in this important international forum and regret not being able to join you in person.

Multipolarity and Chinese moderniation are distinct concepts but they are inextricably intertwined.

General Secretary Xi Jinping often reminds us that we are living in a moment of history where we are witnessing changes unseen in a century.

This statement has applicability and relevance across a range of events and numerous spheres of human endeavour. But perhaps it does not express itself quite so cogently, or with such profound import, as it does with regard to both the tectonic changes in the world’s geopolitical configuration, and the accompanying evolution and reform of global governance, and the long march of more than 1.4 billion Chinese people towards a modernisation of their own style.

In his last published article, ‘Better Fewer, But Better’, Lenin insisted that:

“In the last analysis, the outcome of the struggle will be determined by the fact that Russia, India, China, etc., account for the overwhelming majority of the population of the globe. And during the past few years it is this majority that has been drawn into the struggle for emancipation with extraordinary rapidity, so that in this respect there cannot be the slightest doubt what the final outcome of the world struggle will be. In this sense, the complete victory of socialism is fully and absolutely assured.”

The ensuing century since Lenin wrote these words has seen a whole number of momentous events and trends that include the Chinese people’s victory in the war of resistance against Japanese aggression, the world peoples’ victory in the global anti-fascist war, the founding of the United Nations, the triumph of the Chinese revolution and the founding of the People’s Republic, and the independence of India and the other countries of South Asia.

Uncharted territory – how China is developing a path to modernisation without hegemonism

An international forum themed Multipolarity and Chinese Modernisation, hosted by Shanghai University of Finance and Economics (SUFE), was held on 13 December 2025 in Shanghai. This conference brought together numerous scholars, authors and researchers from around the world to explore pathways toward a prosperous and multipolar future for humanity.

Below is the text of the video contribution by Friends of Socialist China co-editor Carlos Martinez. Carlos argues that China is forging a historically unprecedented route to modernisation, fundamentally distinct from the Western experience. Modernisation, he stresses, is not an abstract ideal but a recognised human right, rooted in UN declarations affirming the right to development, technological progress and rising living standards. Its purpose is – or should be – to enable dignified, meaningful lives for all.

Carlos contrasts China’s approach with the dominant Western narrative, which credits liberal democracy and free markets for modernisation. Historical reality, he argues, tells a different story: Western modernisation was built on colonialism, slavery, genocide and, later, neocolonial domination enforced through military power and economic coercion. This legacy explains why only a handful of imperialist countries have modernised, while the Global South has largely been locked into underdevelopment.

China’s modernisation project, by contrast, begins with the 1949 revolution and proceeds through socialist construction, the Four Modernisations, and Reform and Opening Up. Today it is defined by ambitious but concrete goals: raising living standards to those of the mid-level developed countries, achieving scientific and technological leadership, expanding equitable public services, revitalising rural life, and pursuing ecological sustainability.

Crucially, China is modernising without war, colonisation or hegemonism. Drawing on statements by Xi Jinping, Deng Xiaoping and Hugo Chávez, Carlos argues that this is possible because China is socialist: capital does not rule the state, long-term planning replaces market anarchy, and foreign policy is not driven by the need for ever-expanding profits. As a result, China can develop peacefully while helping create space for other developing countries – through initiatives such as the Belt and Road Initiative – to pursue their own paths to modernisation.

China’s modernisation process has become a major focus of international attention in recent years, particularly as Chinese scholars and policymakers have begun to articulate a distinctive model of modernisation that contrasts starkly with the Western experience.

Remembering Zulfikar Ali Bhutto – Architect of China-Pakistan Friendship

Third World Solidarity organised a meeting on Monday January 5, 2026, marking the 98^th birth anniversary of the late Pakistani leader Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, who made an outstanding contribution to the friendship between his country and China.

The meeting, held in the Baseline Studios, home to a number of community organisations and projects in west London, was attended by many prominent members of the Pakistani community, and others who have been friends with members of the Bhutto family.

Chairing the meeting, Mushtaq Lasharie, Chair of Third World Solidarity, the British Pakistani Mayors Association and Lancaster West Residents Association, drew attention to the price that has often been paid by leaders of the Global South who stand for independence and popular democracy, from the martyrdom of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and his daughter Benazir Bhutto, to today’s illegal kidnapping of Venezuelan President Maduro and his wife. This was also one of the themes that was returned to in the discussion period following the main speeches, in which Keith Bennett explained how the hand of US imperialism was present in all these cases, whether overtly or covertly.

The first speaker was London-based Pakistani journalist Javed Soomro, whose family has long had a close relationship with the Bhuttos. He explained that before Z.A. Bhutto founded and led the Pakistan People’s Party (PPP), politics in the country had been confined to the feudal class and the boardrooms of the industrialists. The people were irrelevant. Bhutto was “the first to bring the voices of the masses and ordinary people” to the political arena. The basic slogan of the PPP was for clothes, food and shelter. [Note: In its simplicity and profundity this has echoes of the Bolshevik call for bread, peace and land.]

In 1974, he organised a major conference aimed at uniting the Muslim countries. This effort was key to the animosity that the United States came to harbour for Bhutto. [This has clear parallels with the way that the efforts of the late Hugo Chávez and President Maduro to unite the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean has intensified the hatred of the United States for the Bolivarian revolution in Venezuela.]

Javed was followed by Keith Bennett, co-editor of Friends of Socialist China, who spoke on the great contributions of Z.A. Bhutto, as well as his daughter Benazir Bhutto and grandson Bilawal Bhutto Zardari, to Pakistan’s friendship with both the People’s Republic of China and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK).

The full text of Keith’s speech is reproduced below.

The final speaker was Victoria Schofield, author of ‘Bhutto: Trial and Execution’ (1979) and ‘The Fragrance of Tears: My Friendship with Benazir Bhutto’ (2020).

Victoria forged a close friendship with Benazir Bhutto when they were fellow students at Oxford University. With Benazir’s encouragement she succeeded her as President of the Oxford Union. She travelled to Pakistan in 1978, when Z.A. Bhutto was on trial and subsequently hanged, at Benazir’s invitation. She was one of the last people to see Bhutto alive and recalled how Benazir was not even allowed to hug her father on their last meeting, just a couple of days before he was executed.

She further recalled Bhutto’s vision for his country, as outlined to the Spectator:

“My vision is that of a Pakistan whose social standards are comparable to some parts of Europe. This means a war against illiteracy and ignorance. It means fighting prejudice and obscurantism. It involves the equality of men and women. It demands the mobilisation of the people’s selected energies. It dictates the restoration of dignity to the human person… It requires a check on the growth of population and easy access to education and medical care throughout the country. It contemplates better towns and cities and cleaner villages. It raises 100 challenges. It is a long haul. We have braced ourselves for it.”

Following a lively Q&A, closing remarks were delivered by Mian Saleem, President of PPP Greater London.

The formal proceedings were followed by two songs from Hugh Goodacre on guitar and dinner.

The following is the full text of Keith’s speech.

President Xi: No issue of the people is too small; we care for every leaf and tend every branch in the garden of people’s well-being

Chinese President Xi Jinping delivered his New Year Address for 2026, on December 31, 2025.

Below we reprint the full text of the address, as released in English by the Xinhua News Agency, preceded by a short introductory commentary by our co-editor Keith Bennett.

President Xi Jinping’s inspiring new year address represents a message of confidence, determination and optimism which stands in stark contrast to the depression, crisis and sense of drift prevailing in the major capitalist countries. Both in tone and content it reflects how socialism, with a strong communist party at its core, is again rising and assuming an enhanced role in the world in terms of both achievement and attraction.

This spirit animates the entire speech. As President Xi notes, this year just past saw the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, the celebration of which, immediately following the largest ever gatherings of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, where the Global Governance Initiative was unveiled, further raised the international prestige and standing of socialist China, with the participation of leaders from dozens of countries, the elucidation of ways and means to achieve a better world, and the demonstration of China’s ever growing defensive military prowess which constitutes a fundamental guarantee of peace.

A similar message can be seen in the economy and domestic development. With the world having experienced a ‘Deep Seek moment’, President Xi underlined the purpose of socialist competition as being a “race to the top”, a ‘win win’ concept contrasting with the race to the bottom that characterizes the decadent stage of monopoly capitalism.

In turn, the cultural self-confidence that this facilitates and embodies, from humanoid robots performing kung fu kicks, through Wukong and Nezha, to the grassroots football leagues of Guizhou, shows both how life for the masses of the Chinese people is becoming more dignified and joyful as well as the growing attraction of Chinese civilization, culture and ‘soft power’ for people throughout the world – and most importantly how these two aspects are inextricably interconnected and mutually reinforcing.

When President Xi speaks of how the rights and interests of workers in new forms of employment, not least the ‘gig economy’, have been better protected, better facilities have been created for the elderly, and increased subsidies provided to help families with childcare, it is simply impossible not to draw comparisons with our situation in Britain, where ‘gig economy’ workers lack the most basic protections, social care for the elderly is a national shame that successive governments have been singularly unwilling and unable to tackle, and ever growing numbers of children are being raised in poverty, with consequences they will carry for the rest of their lives.

Former UN under-secretary-general Erik Solheim: China is the total dominant force in the green economy

Erik Solheim, former under-secretary-general of the UN and former executive director of the UN Environment Programme, gave a presentation at the Global Times Annual Conference on 20 December 2025. He described the past year as one of global turbulence, but argued that China has emerged as a force for stability, delivering 5 percent economic growth that benefits both its people and the global economy. He highlighted China’s dominance in the green economy, noting that it leads the world in solar, wind, hydropower, electric vehicles, batteries and electric public transport, and observing that global progress in these sectors is being driven almost exclusively by China.

China is the total dominant force in the green economy. 60 percent or more of solar, wind, hydropower, electric cars, electric batteries, metros, high-speed rail, whatever you want to mention, is developed by one nation alone. That’s China…

Solheim made an important link between China’s economic success and its planning system, indicating that China’s socialist market economy is more effective in driving development – particularly sustainable development – than capitalism.

The national plan process of China is unique. No other nation is able to do this. There is a combination of a strong state with a very vibrant market, which we have seen in China since the reform and opening-up started in 1978. To do this, you need a strong state to set the targets, to make the direction, to define the goals, to take the nation in the right direction.

Solheim also discussed the role being played by the Chinese government and companies in the digital economy, particularly the orientation towards the production of open source software as a global common good.

Whitewashing Japanese and German war crimes paves way to new imperialist aggression

The following is a speech given by Sevim Dagdelen, foreign policy spokesperson for Germany’s Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance (BSW) and a former member of the Bundestag (German parliament), to the 12th Beiing Xiangshan Forum, which took place between September 17-19, 2025.

Dagdelen begins by noting that: “The High Representative of the European Union, Kaja Kallas, declared in September 2025 that it was entirely new to her that Russia and China referred to a shared past as fighters against fascism and militarism in the Second World War. Russia and China wanted to rewrite history, and the world believed them, according to Kallas.”

She goes on to note that what is interesting is that this statement encountered no objection from the heads of state and government of Germany, France, Poland and Italy.

Having pointed out that it was the Soviet Union and China that bore the main burden of the struggle against the fascist powers joined together in the “Anti-Comintern Pact”, she adds: “That pact was complemented by the secret German-Japanese agreement of 1937. Joint plans of military intelligence aimed at dividing Central Asia and the Caucasus into German and Japanese spheres of influence.”

The attempts to deny this history are intended not only to make people forget the crimes of the Nazi regime and Japanese militarism but above all to seek a revision of the outcomes of the war.

“Germany and Japan had attempted with their imperialist wars of plunder to subjugate the USSR and China and to divide the countries. Both powers failed due to bitter anti-fascist resistance. On the ruins of the destructive works of the Third Reich and the Japanese empire, a multipolar world was to emerge, not least shaped by the national liberation struggle of colonised peoples.”

Now, “US President Donald Trump, with his punitive tariffs against India and – with qualifications – also German Chancellor Friedrich Merz, with the conclusion of the German-Japanese armaments agreement, have revealed to the world that a departure from colonialism can only be achieved against the West and its leading powers.”

“However, the global balance of power has changed fundamentally. Neither China nor Russia nor India allows its policy to be dictated any longer by Washington, Brussels, Berlin or Tokyo. The west has simply missed the rise of the Global South.”

However, the west will not simply accept this situation. Presciently, she notes: “Latin America and a claimed Western hemisphere seem to be the first focus of the US, while in Asia, the Middle East, and Europe, Washington’s allies are placed in the front row to preserve US resources.”

She concludes: “We have a just world to gain. We should not let this opportunity pass.”

At its recent congress, the BSW voted to rename the party as the Alliance for Social Justice and Economic Reason, effective from October 1, 2026, while retaining the same initials. A brief report of the congress was carried by the Xinhua News Agency.

The following article was originally published by Consortium News.

The High Representative of the European Union, Kaja Kallas, declared in September 2025 that it was entirely new to her that Russia and China referred to a shared past as fighters against fascism and militarism in the second world war. Russia and China wanted to rewrite history, and the world believed them, according to Kallas.

One could dismiss this statement by one of the E.U.’s highest representatives as confused or uninformed. What is interesting, however, is that it encountered no objection from the heads of state and government of Germany, France, Poland and Italy. One must therefore understand Kallas’s historical judgment as an expression of an E.U. policy that seeks to rewrite history in order to flank the preparation for war with historical politics.

In any case, Kallas’s remark is reminiscent of the phrase by the Spanish-American philosopher George Santayana (1863-1952): “Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.”

Reviewing and celebrating another year of progress for Friends of Socialist China

On Sunday December 14, 2025, Friends of Socialist China (FoSC) organised its third consecutive end of year reception and dinner. More than 60 supporters and friends from various progressive organisations, communities and walks of life packed the Palestinian Hiba Express restaurant in Holborn, central London, to renew friendships and to sum up the work in 2025 and the prospects for the new year.

We were joined by honoured guests and friends from the embassies of China, DPR Korea, Laos, Cuba, and Timor-Leste, as well as from China Daily.

FoSC co-editor Keith Bennett spoke on behalf of the organisation, welcoming everyone and reviewing our work in the outgoing year. He also stressed the particular importance of solidarity with the peoples of Palestine and Venezuela at this time.

Responding, Minister Counsellor Jiang Zhouteng from the Chinese Embassy extended his sincere greetings to all comrades and friends present and noted:

“Since its establishment, Friends of Socialist China has remained committed to telling the world true and vivid stories about China.

“Just in 2025, your website has published about 500 posts, closely following major events related to China, released a new book, titled China Changes Everything, which brings together insights from many contributors, and organised multiple seminars around various topics.”

Comrade Jiang also referred to our May-June delegation to China and to our conference marking China’s 76^th National Day, along with other activities, and added:

“I would like to extend our sincere gratitude for all your efforts in promoting a better understanding on China by the rest of the world including the UK. It is no doubt that through your efforts more and more people in the world have been encouraged to listen to and appreciate real and vivid stories about China, and have realised, much more than before, the power of socialism that is rooted in unity, peace, and justice for the world.”

Turning to the situation in China, he said that:

“The year 2025 is the final year of China’s 14th Five-Year Plan, which is the first five-year period since our march towards the second Centenary Goal, building a great modern socialist country in all respects, began in 2020.

“Facing a turbulent international landscape, we achieved pioneering progress, breakthrough transformation, and historic accomplishments in our economic and social development, laying a solid foundation for a good start on the new march towards the second Centenary Goal.

“The upcoming year 2026 will mark the first year of the 15th Five‑Year Plan, a period of strategic importance that will lay a solid foundation and give full momentum to the process of basically achieving socialist modernisation.

“In the next year, China will continue to advance Chinese modernisation, with economic development as our central task, high-quality development as our main focus, reform and innovation as the fundamental driving force, meeting the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life as our fundamental goal, and full and rigorous Party self-governance as the fundamental underpinning for all our efforts.

“China will continue to uphold the banner of peace, development, cooperation, and mutual benefit, and to advance efforts to build a community with a shared future for humanity, in order to promote world peace and development, and safeguard international fairness and justice.”

Finally: “Looking ahead to the new year 2026, we sincerely wish Friends of Socialist China continued progress and look forward to continuing our close collaboration with you.”

We print below the full text of Keith’s speech.

Minister Counsellor Jiang Zhouteng

Friends and Comrades

Thank you all for coming this evening, at a time of year when there are always many demands on people’s time.

We are honoured to be joined by friends from the embassies of the People’s Republic of China, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, and the Republic of Cuba, as well as from China Daily.

As Friends of Socialist China, we have never taken a narrow view of our internationalist responsibilities. As we clearly expressed it in our founding statement: “We support all states building or aspiring to socialism, and we favour the highest level of unity and friendship between them.”

We have maintained that original aspiration and will always do so.

Remembering a shared struggle against Japanese militarism

The Birmingham People’s History Archive (BPHA) organised a day of speeches and film on Saturday December 13 to mark the 80^th anniversary of the victory over Japanese fascism.

Held in the Birmingham and Midland Institute, which houses the archive, it was attended by over 50 people, including academics, trades unionists and members of the city’s Asian community. The day’s proceedings were chaired by Pete Higgins, a trustee of the archive, who first welcomed BPHA patron Andy Hudd, who is also Vice President of the train driver’s union ASLEF, to make opening remarks.

Pete then facilitated a fascinating conversation with Don Grant. Don is a mentally and physically agile 97-year-old who held the audience enthralled and spellbound with his at times harrowing, but always matter-of-fact account of life as a teenage prisoner of the Japanese in 1940s China.

Don was born in Shanghai in 1928. His father had first moved to China to work in 1910, having previously been a fireman on the railways, and returned to Shanghai in 1919, following service in World War I.

To give a small flavour of his account:

“It was while at the playing fields that I witnessed another awful event. It was in the summer of 1941 … They ringed the city and controlled the amount and flow of rice allowed in … A number of people had been caught by a Jap patrol including men, women and several children, and were being herded along by the soldiers with their rifles, but one poor fellow was being dragged along with his hands tied behind him and a rope around his neck … Then one of the soldiers took a trenching tool and went behind the mound where the man lay and killed him, the rest were led away and later their bodies were laid in the road on our side of the boundary. All of them were shot as a warning to others…

“We witnessed on many occasions small columns of similar groups … who had managed to cross the line only to be shot openly in the street by the Kempetei [Japanese Gestapo].”

BPHA hopes to publish Don’s full memoir in 2026 and are seeking support to help make this possible. It is an entirely voluntary organisation and you can email birminghampha@gmail.com if you’d like to help.

Following a ‘Birmingham seasonal’ lunch of samosas and mulled wine, Keith Bennett, on behalf of Friends of Socialist China, delivered a talk highlighting some key aspects of the war against Japanese militarism.

First picking up on a point made by Don, he noted that December 13 was the 88th anniversary of the start of the Nanjing Massacre, as well as China’s 12th National Memorial Day. In the course of just six weeks the Japanese slaughtered some 300,000 civilians in that city. In a long period of world war marked by countless atrocities this stands out as one of the most egregious.

He noted that the Second World War did not begin in 1939 in Europe but in 1931 in China and highlighted the key roles played by the Chinese people, led by the Communist Party, as well as by the Soviet Union.

Keith said that “had not the Chinese people tied down millions of Japanese troops, thereby preventing them from opening up a second front against the USSR, the consequences could well have been calamitous, and not least for Western Europe and for this country as well.

“In other words, when we faced the most existential threat to our country and people, China and Russia, and their peoples, were not our enemies. They were our indispensable, vital, sincere, loyal and good friends, allies and comrades-in-arms,” adding that, “we absolutely cannot separate the march to war against the very countries that saved us from fascism from the march towards fascism here and in almost all the imperialist countries.”

Finally, he introduced the film, ‘The Sinking of the Lisbon Maru’, which depicts the heroism of a Chinese fishing community who risked everything to rescue British POWs, who had been left to drown by the Japanese.

Keith was followed by Philip Harris, from the Lisbon Maru Memorial Association. Philip’s father-in-law was among the rescued POWs and was sheltered and cared for by Chinese fishermen and their families for three months.

After he left the army, Philip’s father-in-law became a post man. Having been denied the award due to him for long service on a technicality, the local council then took away his beloved allotment, whereupon he became the gardener and porter for his local community hospital. He died from pancreatic cancer three days after his retirement party.

Interestingly, Don Grant’s story also served to illustrate the ruling class contempt for working class people. When he and his family were finally released from internment and repatriated to Britain they were presented with a bill for their Red Cross parcels.

The event concluded with a showing of ‘The Sinking of the Lisbon Maru’, followed by a social.

The media were represented by China’s CCTV television and BBC Midlands Today television.

The following is the text of Keith’s speech.

I’d like to thank the Birmingham People’s History Archive for organising this important event and for inviting me. It’s an honour to be here.

I want first to pick up on a point that Don made during the Q&A part of his presentation. He referred to the book, ‘The Rape of Nanking’ and to the terrible atrocity committed by the Japanese in that city.

Today is the 88^th anniversary of the start of the Nanjing Massacre. And it is also China’s 12^th National Memorial Day established in that connection. In the course of just six weeks the Japanese slaughtered some 300,000 civilians in that city. In a long period of world war marked by countless atrocities this stands out as one of the most egregious. There are now just 24 recognised survivors and sadly the laws of nature dictate that they grow fewer with each passing year.

Some observations on our work to study and apply Xi Jinping Thought in an imperialist country

The International Forum of Overseas Studies on Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era was held in Beijing, November 12-13.

Hosted by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), it was organised by the Research Centre for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and the Academy of Marxism (both affiliates of CASS), along with the World Association for China Studies.

Delegates from across China were joined by former government ministers, communist party leaders, scholars and others from numerous countries including:

Vietnam, Cambodia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Türkiye;
South Africa, Nigeria, Senegal, Ghana, and Burundi;
Argentina, Brazil, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Mexico, and Venezuela; and
Russia, Belarus, Serbia, Italy, Spain, Britain, Montenegro, Poland, North Macedonia, Ireland, France, Hungary, and Greece.

Former President of Costa Rica José María Figueres addressed the conference by video.

Friends of Socialist China co-editor Keith Bennett presented a paper, highlighting some of our observations to date on studying and applying Xi Jinping Thought in an imperialist country. The following is the text of his presentation.

I am very pleased to be able to take part in this important international forum of overseas studies on Xi Jinping’s Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and thank the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences for their kind invitation.

The basic principles of Marxism-Leninism are universally applicable, as Mao Zedong pointed out long ago. However, they must be applied and developed according to the concrete reality of each country, people, society and nation. Moreover, as Xi Jinping has pointed out, if Marxism is to truly grip the hearts of the masses and become a material force, it also needs to be integrated and combined with a people’s fine traditional culture and civilisational inheritance.

Marxism is international in its relevance, scope and sweep but it is national in its application and development. It is by no means coincidental that the five socialist countries that survived the counter-revolutionary tsunami of 1989-1991 have all not merely inherited Marxism-Leninism as it is but have creatively applied and developed it by integrating it with their indigenous revolutionary traditions and the thoughts of their own revolutionary leaders.

Moreover, life is constantly evolving, developing and changing, so Marxism also cannot stand still. If it did so, it would become ossified, dogmatic and irrelevant. Indeed, it would cease to be Marxism. Only by changing and developing in accordance with the needs and trends of the times can it remain true to its original mission and retain its relevance and scientific veracity. Based as it is on dialectical and historical materialism, Marxism itself needs to be in the vanguard not the rearguard of change and development.

Change unseen in a century: The collective rise of the Global South with Socialist China at the core

The 15^th World Socialism Forum was held in Beijing from November 3-4. Organised by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), the forum was hosted by the World Socialism Research Centre, the Academy of Marxism, and the Institute of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, all of which operate as units of CASS.

With an overall theme of ‘At the Crossroads of World History: The Choice of all Nations’, the forum addressed a number of topics, namely:

Chinese Modernisation and a New Form of Human Advancement
The Rise of Global South Countries and Transformation of the Global Governance System
Rejecting Unilateral Power Politics and Upholding International Equity and Justice
New Features and Trends of World Socialism amid Profound Global Changes
Safeguarding the Outcomes of the World Anti-fascist War and the Postwar International Order

Several hundred Chinese delegates were joined by comrades from Vietnam, Laos and Cuba and by senior representatives from communist parties from around the world, including:

Communist Party of Peru (Red Fatherland)
Peruvian Communist Party
Communist Party of Argentina
Colombian Communist Party
Communist Party of Uruguay
Communist Party of Spain (Party of the European Left)
Communist Refoundation Party of Italy (Party of the European Left)
Italian Communist Party
Communist Party (Italy)
Communist Party of Italy
Hungarian Workers’ Party
Communist Party (Denmark)
Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia [Czech Republic]
Communist Party (Switzerland)
Communist Party of Finland
German Communist Party
Progressive Party of the Working People of Cyprus (AKEL)
Communist Party of Ireland
Portuguese Communist Party
Communist Party of Armenia
Communist Party of the Russian Federation
Belarusian Communist Party
Socialist Platform (Georgia)
New Socialist Movement of Georgia
South African Communist Party
Japanese Communist Party
Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist)
Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Socialist) [On November 5, this party was one of 10 that united to form the Nepali Communist Party]
Communist Party of Bangladesh
Communist Party of Lebanon
Iraqi Communist Party

Other participants included academics and scholars of Marxism from Venezuela, Colombia, Tanzania, Russia, Hungary, Ireland, Britain and other countries, think tanks and Marxist study institutions, including from Latin America, Russia, India, Germany, Italy and Cyprus, and young scholars of Marxism currently studying in China, including from the United States, Denmark and India.

Friends of Socialist China was represented by our co-editor Keith Bennett. Below we publish his speech to the forum on the subject of ‘Changes Unseen in a Century – The Collective Rise of the Global South with Socialist China at the Core.’

Following the World Socialism Forum, Keith also attended the ‘International Academic Conference on Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and 21^st Century Marxism’, with sessions in Xi’an and Yan’an, and then the ‘International Forum on Overseas Studies on Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era’, held in Beijing.

General Secretary Xi Jinping often reminds us that we are living in a moment of history where we are witnessing changes unseen in a century.

This statement has applicability and relevance across a range of events and numerous spheres of human endeavour. But perhaps it does not express itself quite so cogently, or with such profound import, as it does with regard to the tectonic changes in the world’s geopolitical configuration and the consequent evolution and reform of global governance.

Over a century ago, as Lenin observed, the division of the world among the great powers had been completed. This meant that the world was divided into a small number of oppressor nations on the one hand and a great mass of oppressed nations on the other. Semi-colonial, semi-feudal China, despite being the world’s longest continuous civilisation, was to be found in the latter group.

China at COP30: unswervingly promote green development and build a beautiful world of harmony between humanity and nature

At the Belém Climate Summit, Chinese Vice Premier Ding Xuexiang praised Brazil’s leadership in global climate governance and expressed support for a successful COP30. Marking the 10th anniversary of the Paris Agreement, he stressed that global climate action has entered a critical phase. Ding highlighted China’s progress toward its 2030 goals, noting it has already surpassed targets for wind and solar capacity and forest stock, and highlighting the country’s 2035 Nationally Determined Contributions, which include its first absolute emissions-reduction target.

Vice Premier Ding emphasised that China will accelerate a comprehensive green transition across its economy as part of the 15th Five-Year Plan, guided by goals for peak carbon and carbon neutrality, and reiterated that China is a country that honours its commitments.

China will accelerate the green transition in all areas of economic and social development, work actively and prudently toward peak carbon emissions, and make greater contributions to addressing climate change.

Ding urged the assembled representatives from around the world to stay on the path of green, low-carbon development while balancing environmental goals with growth, jobs, and poverty reduction; to translate commitments into concrete action, upholding the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, with developed nations taking the lead in emissions cuts and financing; and to deepen openness and cooperation, removing trade barriers and boosting collaboration on green technology and industries.

He concluded: “China is ready to work with all parties to unswervingly promote green and low-carbon development and build a beautiful world of harmony between humanity and nature.”

We republish the full speech below. It was originally published in English on the website of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China.

Remarks by H.E. Ding Xuexiang
Special Representative of President Xi Jinping,
Member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of The CPC Central Committee, and
Vice Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China
At the Belem Climate Summit
Belem, November 6, 2025

Your Excellency President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva,

Colleagues,

Good morning! It gives me great pleasure to attend the Belem Climate Summit as the special representative of Chinese President Xi Jinping. First of all, I have the honor to convey the best wishes from President Xi Jinping to Brazil for hosting this Summit. President Xi Jinping highly commends the important contributions made by the Brazilian Presidency to global climate governance, and wishes COP30 a full success.

Palestine, Venezuela and China, united in the struggle against imperialism

The following is the text of a speech given by Russel Harland, representing Friends of Socialist China’s Britain Committee, at an event held on 15 November at Bolívar Hall in London on the theme Viva Venezuela: stand against fascism, imperialism and war.

Russel argues that the world is entering a historic period of crisis and transformation marked by imperialist violence, economic oppression, and popular resistance. Drawing a line from colonialism to contemporary neoliberalism, he cites the genocide in Gaza as the culmination of imperialism’s lawless depravity, enabled by the complicity of Western governments, including that of Britain.

The speech links Palestine’s struggle against colonial oppression to US attempts to impose regime change on Venezuela, driven by its socialist orientation, its natural resources, and its close friendly relations with China and other countries that refuse to bend to US diktat. In general, the crises we are witnessing form part of the West’s response to the global multipolar shift, driven in large part by China’s rise – a “megatrend” that Western elites increasingly openly cannot prevent or reverse.

The speech concludes that defending working class interests in Britain requires supporting sovereignty and anti-imperialist struggles globally as part of a revolutionary moment demanding systemic change.

Dear friends and comrades,

It is a pleasure to speak with you today as a representative of Friends of Socialist China during what are terrifyingly dangerous times.

From the Monroe Doctrine to the Opium Wars, to the Balfour Declaration and beyond, oppressed and working-class people globally have faced a unified war of subjugation by the forces of capitalism, colonialism and imperialism. Ordinary people around the world have been dehumanised, demonised, oppressed and repressed, and their scope for economic development has been systematically constrained.¹

Yet in the decaying world of neo-liberalism, capitalism’s most brutal guise², the ongoing genocide in Gaza has propelled imperialists to the zenith of their lawless depravity. This is a watershed moment that corresponds with the Communist Party of China’s statement in its new Five-Year Plan, that “internationally, momentous changes of a magnitude not seen in a century are unfolding across the world at a faster pace”.

Why is the West waging a propaganda war against China?

In the following text, based on a speech given by at a Black Liberation Alliance day school in London, Carlos Martinez explains why China’s rapid rise and its policy of win-win cooperation with the Global South threaten Western hegemony and fuel today’s New Cold War.

Carlos begins by emphasising the extraordinary scale of China’s transformation: from one of the poorest countries in the world just 75 years ago to a global leader in renewable energy, infrastructure, telecommunications, AI, electric vehicles and other advanced technologies. This economic and technological leap has been accompanied by vast improvements in living standards – average life expectancy has risen from 35 in 1949 to 79 today – and China is steadily pursuing “modernisation of common prosperity,” ensuring the fruits of development are reaped by the whole population.

Carlos contrasts this progress with the West’s neoliberal trajectory of inequality and stagnation. Crucially, China’s rise has not been based on colonialism or war. Instead, China aligns itself with the Global South, strengthens multipolar institutions such as BRICS and the SCO, and forms partnerships grounded in sovereign equality and mutual benefit. China’s investments in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean come without the coercive conditionalities typical of Western trade and investment relationships.

China therefore challenges imperialism both materially and ideologically. Materially, it helps countries escape underdevelopment while defending their sovereignty. Ideologically, it presents the pre-eminent modern example of a socialist-oriented model delivering prosperity, stability and green development. As living standards for Chinese workers approach – and start to surpass – those in Western countries, the legitimacy of Western capitalism weakens by the day.

In response, the US and its allies are escalating their long-term containment campaign in addition to waging a propaganda war which portrays China as authoritarian, repressive, expansionist and predatory. Carlos concludes that progressive and anti-war forces in the West have a vital responsibility to challenge this war propaganda and stand in solidarity with China and the Global South.

I’ve been asked to speak about why China’s rise and its programme of win-win cooperation with the Global South pose such a threat to western hegemony – and how that manifests itself in a New Cold War and as red scare propaganda.

The first thing then is to understand the dimensions of China’s rise, which is really nothing short of remarkable.

China has gone from being one of the poorest and most technologically backward countries in the world, to being the world’s second largest economy in terms of nominal GDP, the world’s largest economy in terms of purchasing power parity, the world’s only renewable energy superpower, a world leader in telecommunications, advanced infrastructure, high speed rail, artificial intelligence, electric vehicles, quantum computing, space exploration, and a whole range of other cutting edge technologies.

And these advances have taken place in combination with an unprecedented improvement in living standards for ordinary people. China’s average life expectancy in 1949, at the time of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, was approximately 35 years, substantially below the global average. Today it’s 79 years, substantially above the global average, and surpassing that of the United States (actually in terms of its healthy lifespan, China is many years ahead of the US). The draft of the 15th Five Year Plan, which will kick off next year, sets out a roadmap for life expectancy to reach at least 80 years by 2030, which will put China in a very exclusive club.

Xi Jinping: Hegemonism causes only war and disaster; fairness and justice ensure global peace and development

Chinese President Xi Jinping visited the Republic of Korea (ROK) from October 30-November 1 to attend the 32nd APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation) Economic Leaders’ Meeting and to then pay a state visit to the ROK.

On October 31, he delivered a written address to the APEC CEO Summit, entitled, ‘Putting the Asia Pacific at the Forefront of the Joint Endeavor for World Development and Prosperity.’

Xi Jinping noted that: “The world has come to a new crossroads – solidarity, cooperation and mutual benefit or return of hegemonism and the law of the jungle; multilateralism, openness and inclusiveness or unilateralism and protectionism. What we choose will profoundly affect the future of the world. We must have vision, step up to our responsibility, and choose what meets the expectation of the people in the Asia Pacific and stands the test of history.

“As the saying goes, ‘He who knows the past understands the present.’ Since the great victory of the World Anti-Fascist War 80 years ago, the international system with the United Nations at its core has been put in place gradually, and multilateral systems in economic, trade, financial and other areas have been established. A new chapter was opened for humanity’s pursuit of peace and development.

“History attests that humanity shares a common destiny. While hegemonism causes only war and disaster, fairness and justice ensure global peace and development. While confrontation and antagonism breed only estrangement and turbulence, win-win cooperation proves to be the right way forward. While unilateralism precipitates division and regression, multilateralism is the viable option for tackling global challenges.”

In the current situation he noted: “We embrace peaceful development and reject the assertion that a strong country will inevitably seek hegemony. We champion win-win cooperation and denounce winner-takes-all practices. We advocate mutual learning among civilisations, and do not believe in clash of civilisations. We promote fairness and justice and oppose power politics. China has successively put forward the Belt and Road Initiative as well as the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, the Global Civilisation Initiative, and the Global Governance Initiative. They are China’s solutions to the salient issues across the world, based on Chinese wisdom. We look forward to working with all parties to promote common prosperity and a win-win future for all and building a community with a shared future for humanity.”

He then advanced four proposals as follows:

We should take the lead in safeguarding peace and stability. We must always ensure the equal right of all countries to participate in international affairs regardless of their size, strength, or wealth.

We should take the lead in enhancing openness and connectivity. We should firmly safeguard the WTO-centred, rules-based multilateral trading system, strengthen solidarity and collaboration, oppose protectionism, reject unilateralism and bullying, and prevent the world from reverting to the law of the jungle. We must have the courage to remove barriers, keep global industrial and supply chains stable and unimpeded, advance regional economic integration, push forward the Free Trade Area of the Asia Pacific, and play the Asia Pacific part in global economic growth.

We should take the lead in promoting win-win cooperation. We should stay true to the vision of harmony without uniformity, fully leverage the diversity of Asia Pacific economies, draw on each other’s strengths, and jointly make the pie of Asia Pacific cooperation bigger.

We should take the lead in pursuing benefits for all and inclusiveness. We should put the people first and fully implement the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. We should create greater synergy between our development strategies and step up support for developing economies. We should bridge development gaps, increase people’s well-being, and deliver prosperity to all the people in the Asia Pacific.

Next year, he added, China will host APEC for the third time. “This demonstrates our full commitment to Asia Pacific cooperation and our willingness to fulfill our responsibilities.”

Introducing China’s current domestic situation, he explained:

“China has been a major engine of world economic growth for many years. China’s 14th Five-Year Plan period ends this year. In the past five years, despite increasing external shocks, the Chinese economy has registered an annual growth rate of around 5.5 percent on average, contributing around 30 percent of global growth. A few days ago, the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China adopted the Recommendations for Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan at its fourth plenary session.”

In this regard:

China can provide more growth opportunities for the global business community. It is now the world’s second largest market of consumption and import, and the only developing country that hosts a national-level international import expo and continually opens its market to the world. The China market is huge and promising.

China can provide a good business environment for the global business community. China is universally recognised as one of the safest countries in the world and grants either unilateral visa exemption or full mutual visa-free entry to 76 countries.

China can provide enabling conditions of green growth for the global business community. China is making coordinated advances in decarbonising, mitigating pollution, expanding green transition and promoting growth. It has the largest renewable energy system and the biggest, most complete new energy industrial chain in the world. The increased area of afforestation in China accounts for a quarter of the world total. We are committed to meeting our carbon peaking and carbon neutrality targets. We are actively advancing cooperation in launching green energy projects. We support the free flow of quality green technologies and products and do our best to provide assistance to developing countries.

In his address to the second session of the leaders’ meeting on November 1, President Xi said that:

“At present, the new wave of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is deepening. In particular, the rapid advance of frontier technologies such as artificial intelligence is opening new horizons for humanity. On the other hand, the world faces lackluster economic growth and a widening gap in global development. Challenges such as climate change, food security and energy security are intensifying. Asia Pacific economies must enhance mutually beneficial cooperation, make good use of new opportunities, stand up to new challenges, and forge a sustainable and brighter future together.”

In this regard, he advanced three proposals:

We should further unleash the potential of digital and smart development to give the Asia Pacific region a fresh edge in innovation-driven development. We should fully harness new technologies to empower and propel us forward, seize the opportunities of digital, smart and green development, and move faster to nurture and promote new quality productive forces. AI is very important for shaping the future and should contribute to the well-being of people of all countries and regions. We should bear in mind the well-being of the entire humanity and promote the sound and orderly development of AI while ensuring that it is beneficial, safe and fair.

We should stay committed to green and low-carbon development to build a new paradigm for sustainable development in the Asia Pacific region. Clear waters and green mountains are just as valuable as gold and silver. We should keep in mind our responsibility to our future generations, enhance synergy between green development strategies of all economies, promote free flows of quality green technologies and products, accelerate the green and low-carbon transition, and vigorously tackle climate change. We should ensure the true fulfillment of common but differentiated responsibilities, and urge developed economies to continuously provide necessary support for developing economies in financing, technology, capacity building and other areas.

We should build an inclusive and universally beneficial future to foster a new dynamism in the inclusive growth of the Asia Pacific. We should always put the people first, and strengthen policy communication, experience sharing and results-oriented cooperation to fully implement the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, eliminate poverty together, and promote shared prosperity for all the people in the Asia Pacific.

Also, on the morning of November 1, President Xi attended the handover ceremony of the 32nd APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting and announced that China would host the 33rd APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province.