International relations Archives - Page 2 of 26

Xi exchanges congratulations with Colombian president over 45th anniversary of ties

China and Colombia have underlined the dynamic nature of their friendship and cooperation at a time when the progressive South American government is facing crude interference and brutal threats from the Trump administration in the United States.

On February 7, Chinese President Xi Jinping and Colombian President Gustavo Francisco Petro Urrego exchanged messages greeting the 45^th anniversary of the establishment of their bilateral diplomatic relations.

Xi said that since then, both sides have been pushing for the steady development of bilateral ties based on the principles of equality and mutual respect. He further noted that in October 2023, Petro paid a successful state visit to China, during which the two heads of state had a fruitful meeting and jointly announced the establishment of a strategic partnership between the two countries, guiding China-Colombia relations into a new era.

Colombia is an important country in Latin America and will assume the rotating presidency of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) this year, he added, and said that he attaches great importance to developing China-Colombia relations, and is willing to work with Petro to deepen the strategic partnership between the two countries in efforts to jointly build a China-Latin America and the Caribbean community with a shared future.

President Petro noted that he paid a state visit to China after taking office, and bilateral ties have been steadily strengthened with the continuous increase of trade and investment. Colombia is willing to work with China to jointly advance the global agenda of mutual concern, including world peace, energy transition and tackling climate change.

Earlier, on January 28, Hong Kong’s South China Morning Post reported that China’s Ambassador to Colombia, Zhu Jingyang told the El Tiempo newspaper that relations between China and Colombia were “at the best moment” since they established diplomatic ties. He added that Colombia and China “are global cultural powers” and that the differences between the two countries “far from creating obstacles, bring us closer and enrich us.”

Coincidentally the Ambassador’s comments were published at the same time as a public row broke out between President Petro and Trump. Colombia denied permission for two US military aircraft, each carrying some 80 Colombian migrant workers, victims of Trump’s racist pogroms that currently threaten millions of workers and their families in the US. With the type of performative cruelty that is among his trademarks, Trump has taken to deporting workers bound and shackled aboard military aircraft.

Petro said he would accept deported migrants again once the US established protocols for their dignified treatment. Trump said on his Truth Social account that by refusing to accept the flights, the “socialist president of Colombia” had put US “national security and public safety” at risk. He announced 25 per cent tariffs on all Colombian imports, including coffee; Colombia is among the leading exporters of the bean to the US.

After a furious riposte from Petro on the social media platform X, the United States acceded to Colombia’s demand for the humane treatment of deportees.

The following article was originally published by the Xinhua News Agency.

BEIJING, Feb. 7 (Xinhua) — Chinese President Xi Jinping on Friday exchanged congratulations with Colombian President Gustavo Francisco Petro Urrego over the 45th anniversary of bilateral diplomatic ties.

Since China and Colombia established diplomatic relations 45 years ago, both sides have been pushing for the steady development of bilateral ties based on the principles of equality and mutual respect, said Xi.

Xi noted that in October 2023, Petro paid a successful state visit to China, during which the two heads of state had a fruitful meeting, and jointly announced the establishment of a strategic partnership between the two countries, guiding China-Colombia relations into a new era.

Colombia is an important country in Latin America and will assume the rotating presidency of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States this year, said Xi.

Xi also said he attaches great importance to developing China-Colombia relations, and is willing to work with Petro to deepen the strategic partnership between the two countries in efforts to jointly build a China-Latin America and the Caribbean community with a shared future.

In his message, Petro said the development of bilateral relations has witnessed fruitful results since the two sides established diplomatic ties, delivering benefits to the two peoples.

Frequent high-level visits have strongly boosted bilateral cooperation in various fields, and fostered a deeper bond between the two peoples, he said.

The Colombian president also noted that he paid a state visit to China after taking office, and bilateral ties have been steadily strengthened with the continuous increase of trade and investment.

Colombia is willing to work with China to jointly advance the global agenda of mutual concern, including world peace, energy transition and tackling climate change, he added.

Xi Jinping holds talks with Pakistani President Asif Ali Zardari

President of Pakistan Asif Ali Zardari paid a state visit to China from February 4-8, 2025, at the invitation of President Xi Jinping. During his stay in China, he also attended the Opening Ceremony of the Ninth Asian Winter Games in Harbin.

Presidents Xi and Zardari held talks on the afternoon of February 5.

Xi Jinping pointed out that China and Pakistan are ironclad friends and all-weather strategic cooperative partners. The enduring traditional friendship between China and Pakistan, forged by the elder generation of leaders of the two countries, is the invaluable treasure of the two countries and two peoples. In recent years, the two countries have provided firm political support for each other, maintained close high-level exchanges, and deeply advanced the development of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and cooperation in various fields, setting a good example of state-to-state relations. China is ready to work hand in hand with Pakistan on each other’s path to modernization and to speed up efforts to build an even closer China-Pakistan community with a shared future in the new era, bring more benefits to the two peoples, and make greater contributions to regional peace, stability and prosperity.

Xi Jinping stressed that China always views its relations with Pakistan from a strategic perspective, maintains a high degree of stability and continuity in its friendly policy toward Pakistan, and is committed to a friendly policy toward all Pakistani people. China will, as always, firmly support Pakistan in safeguarding its sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity, countering terrorism, and following a development path suited to its national conditions.

Noting that next year marks the 75th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Pakistan, the Chinese leader called on the two sides to deepen exchange and cooperation on culture, education and the media, so as to pass on the China-Pakistan friendship from generation to generation. China appreciates Pakistan’s active support for the three global initiatives and its participation in relevant cooperation, and is ready to work with Pakistan to uphold the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, resist unilateralism and hegemonic practices, strengthen multilateral coordination, and safeguard the common interests of developing countries.

Asif Ali Zardari said that Pakistan and China are close neighbours and all-weather good friends and partners. The friendship between Pakistan and China has weathered changing circumstances, and the hearts of the two peoples have always remained closely connected. Pakistan will stand steadfastly with China no matter how the situation changes. The Pakistani side appreciates China’s selfless assistance for Pakistan’s economic and social development. Pakistan is willing to learn from China’s successful experience and advance the high-quality development of the CPEC and cooperation in various fields, so as to help the country realise its industrialisation and modernisation. Under the wise leadership of President Xi Jinping, China has played an ever-growing leadership role in international affairs and has become an increasingly important force for safeguarding world peace, stability and prosperity. Pakistan is willing to work closely with China to uphold multilateralism, safeguard free trade, and promote the common interests of the two countries and the vast number of developing countries.

On February 6, Zardari met with Chinese Premier Li Qiang.

Li said that China stands ready to work with Pakistan to implement the important consensus reached by the two heads of state, maintain close high-level exchanges, continue to carry forward the traditional friendship, firmly support each other on issues concerning core interests and major concerns, push forward the all-weather strategic cooperative partnership between China and Pakistan, and make the building of a China-Pakistan community with a shared future more beneficial to the two peoples.

He also noted that China is ready to forge synergy between the development strategies of the two countries, jointly promote high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, advance the construction of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, push forward construction of major projects concerning roads, railways and ports in an orderly manner, deepen cooperation in terms of agriculture, mining, new energy information technology and artificial intelligence, expand sub-national cooperation and people-to-people exchanges, and better promote the common development of the two countries.

Zardari said that Pakistan and China have always supported and helped each other in the changing international situation, adding that mutual trust and friendship between the two countries have been passed down from generation to generation. Pakistan cherishes the bilateral friendship with China and is ready to join hands to further deepen exchanges and cooperation in trade, investment and other fields, and to achieve common prosperity.

Zaradari also met with Zhao Leji, Chairman of the National People’s Congress (NPC) Standing Committee, on February 5.

China and Pakistan issued a comprehensive 24-point joint statement on the occasion of Zardari’s state visit.

The two sides agreed that the China-Pakistan All-Weather Strategic Cooperative Partnership is a choice by history and by the people and enjoys broad support from all walks of life in both countries. Having withstood the test of changing international circumstances, the enduring partnership and iron-clad friendship between China and Pakistan transcends geopolitical interests and is an important positive factor for regional peace, stability and development.

The two sides noted that while the transformation not seen in a century is accelerating, the China-Pakistan relationship remains of strategic significance, and any attempt to disrupt or undermine it is bound to fail. The Chinese side reiterated that the China-Pakistan relationship is a priority in its foreign relations and of special significance in China’s foreign policy. The Pakistani side underscored that the Pakistan-China relationship is the cornerstone of its foreign policy.

The Pakistani side spoke highly of the great development achievements made by Chinese people under the guidance of the Communist Party of China and expressed firm support for the Chinese side in advancing the great cause of building a great modern socialist country in all respects and realising the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese modernisation.

The two sides reiterated their commitment to combating terrorism in all its forms and manifestations with a zero-tolerance attitude and agreed to further strengthen bilateral and multilateral cooperation on counter-terrorism. The Pakistani side will continue to make all efforts to investigate into the terrorist attacks involving Chinese personnel and bring the perpetrators to justice.

The two sides welcomed the official inauguration of the new Gwadar International Airport, reaffirmed their commitment to promoting the comprehensive development and operation of the Gwadar Port to further leverage its role as a multimodal logistics hub to boost local economic growth through industrial development. Recognising the significance of the Gwadar Port, both sides agreed to optimally utilise its potential as a key hub of connectivity and trade.

The two sides emphasised that the China-Pakistan cooperation opens to all regions in Pakistan and aims to benefit all Pakistani people. They agreed to continue to carry out cooperation on people’s livelihood in areas such as healthcare, agriculture, education, climate response, and disaster prevention and alleviation, and to deliver more ‘small and beautiful’ projects beneficial for the people.

China and Vietnam marching together on the journey of socialist modernisation

The Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) recently celebrated its 95^th founding anniversary. Founded as the Communist Party of Indochina (CPI) on February 3, 1930 in Hong Kong, the CPI may also be considered as the root of the ruling Lao People’s Revolutionary Party (LPRP) and Cambodian People’s Party (CPP).

Greeting the anniversary, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) wrote to its Vietnamese counterpart that: “In the past 95 years, the CPV has united and led the Vietnamese people in successfully realising national unification and liberation with remarkable achievements in the cause of the country’s socialist construction and transformation.

“The CPC and the CPV share a long-standing revolutionary friendship and amicable partnership. Under the personal guidance and careful nurturing of the leaders of previous generations including Mao Zedong and Ho Chi Minh, the two peoples have supported each other in revolutionary struggles, marching together in socialist construction, in the drive of reform and opening up and on the journey of socialist modernisation.

“The CPC is willing to work with the CPV to implement the important consensus reached by the top leaders of the two parties, uphold the 16-word guideline of ‘long-term stability, future orientation, good-neighbourly friendship and comprehensive cooperation’ and the spirit of ‘good neighbours, good friends, good comrades and good partners,’… and push for more progress in building a China-Vietnam community with a shared future to bring greater benefits to both peoples and contribute further to the cause of peace and progress for humanity.”

At time of writing, the CPV newspaper Nhân Dân is continuing to publish a series of articles highlighting the greetings received from fraternal and friendly parties on the anniversary. The first such article was devoted to those parties with which the CPV maintains historic special relations and, besides that from the CPC, reported greetings from the Central Committee of the LPRP, President of the CPP Hun Sen, First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba and President of Cuba Miguel Díaz-Canel Bermúdez and Leader of the Cuban Revolution General Raúl Castro Ruz, and General Secretary of the Workers’ Party of Korea Kim Jong Un.

The message from the LPRP Central Committee underlined that over the past 95 years, the CPV, founded and led by President Ho Chi Minh, with its sound, skilful and creative policies has led the Vietnamese people to many glorious victories in the struggle for national liberation and reunification.

“We firmly believe that by upholding its glorious revolutionary tradition and building upon these great and comprehensive achievements, the Party, State, and people of Vietnam will continue to reap new and even greater successes in implementing the Resolution of the 13th National Congress of the CPV and preparing for the upcoming Party congresses at all levels, leading to the successful organisation of the 14th National Congress of the CPV, ” the message read.

On this occasion, the LPRP would like to express its profound gratitude for the Party, State, and people of Vietnam for their invaluable, effective, and timely support for the revolutionary cause of Laos over the years. The Party, State, and people of Laos will continue to stand side by side with the Party, State, and people of Vietnam to do their utmost to preserve and promote the rare and cherished relationship for the common interests of both nations, contributing to peace, stability, cooperation, and development in the region and the world.

The message from the Cuban leaders reaffirmed Cuba’s commitment to deepening the friendship, solidarity and cooperation between the two nations, based on the legacy of Commander-in-Chief Fidel Castro Ruz, the historic leader of the Cuban Revolution, and beloved President Ho Chi Minh.

Kim Jong Un wrote that he was delighted to see that under the leadership of the CPV, the Vietnamese people have made remarkable progress in developing a prosperous and strong nation. He expressed his belief that the traditional friendship between the two Parties will continue to grow in the common struggle to safeguard and preserve the socialist cause.

Nhân Dân also reported that Belarus President Aleksandr Lukashenko wrote that the CPV members are always examples of true patriots who have pioneered in the political and socio-economic development of the fatherland to build a strong sovereign country. Today, the CPV is continuing the cause of socialism building and promoting Vietnam’s role and prestige in the region and the world. He added that Belarus and Vietnam have been faithful friends and responsible partners whose relationship is based on the principle of mutual respect and assistance.

At a meeting of Sri Lankan political parties in the capital Colombo, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Employment Arun Hemachandra, on behalf of the People’s Liberation Front (Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna – JVP), highlighted Vietnam’s development achievements under the CPV’s leadership in recent years. He emphasised that the CPV’s steadfast and sound leadership is a crucial factor in the struggle for national liberation and reunification of Vietnam, as well as in its current economic development and poverty reduction efforts.

China and Nicaragua share experiences and concepts in fighting against imperialism, colonialism and hegemony

The strong fraternal relations between the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) of Nicaragua were underlined in a January 13 meeting in Beijing between Liu Jianchao, Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee (IDCPC), and a delegation led by Fidel Antonio Moreno Briones, Secretary General of the Managua Mayor’s Office and Organisation Secretary of the FSLN.

Liu said, under the strategic guidance and personal promotion of President Xi Jinping and President Daniel Ortega, China and Nicaragua have seen strong development in bilateral relations, and officially established a strategic partnership in 2023, continuously releasing the dividends of the resumption of diplomatic relations. He said, despite different scales, the CPC and the FSLN have always treated each other as equals and respected each other. The two parties have similar experiences and shared concepts in fighting against imperialism, colonialism and hegemony.

Moreno said, since the resumption of diplomatic relations between the two countries fruitful results have been achieved in practical cooperation in various fields, bringing tangible benefits to the Nicaraguan people. The delivery and operation of buses produced in China have boosted the development of Nicaragua’s public transportation system. Nicaragua is willing to continue to strengthen practical cooperation with China in economy, trade, transportation, humanities and other fields. The CPC, a century-old party, has led the Chinese people to make great achievements in poverty alleviation, environmental protection and economic development, providing important inspiration and reference for the FSLN.

Earlier, on January 8, Ma Hui, Vice-Minister of the IDCPC met with a delegation led by Enrique Santiago, Secretary General of the Communist Party of Spain (PCE).

Ma spoke positively of the relations between the two parties and countries, saying that the CPC is willing to deepen traditional friendship with the PCE, strengthen exchanges and mutual learning on state and party governance, enhance political mutual trust between China and Spain and deepen pragmatic cooperation between the two countries through inter-party channels, and promote mutual understanding between the two peoples.

Santiago said, the PCE appreciates the economic and social achievements made by the Chinese people under the leadership of the CPC and is willing to further strengthen inter-party exchanges and cooperation with the CPC, continuously deepen China-Spain comprehensive strategic partnership and jointly contribute to world peace and stability.

The following articles were originally published on the website of the IDCPC.

Liu Jianchao Meets with a Delegation of the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) of Nicaragua

Beijing, January 13th (IDCPC) — Liu Jianchao, Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee (IDCPC), met here today with a delegation led by Fidel Antonio Moreno Briones, Secretary General of the Managua Mayor’s Office and Organization Secretary of the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) of Nicaragua.

Xi congratulates Lukashenko on re-election as Belarusian president

Presidential elections were held in Belarus on January 26. Alexandr Lukashenko, who has held office since 1994, was re-elected to serve a further five-year term. With a turnout of 82%, Lukashenko received 87.48% of votes cast.

Chinese President Xi Jinping was among the first foreign leaders to congratulate his Belarussian counterpart.

Noting that he has maintained close contact with Lukashenko in recent years, Xi said they have jointly chartered the course for and led the development of China-Belarus relations and pushed bilateral ties to an all-weather comprehensive strategic partnership of all time high.

“I attach great importance to the development of China-Belarus relations. I am ready to join efforts with you to continue the traditional friendship between China and Belarus, deepen bilateral mutually beneficial cooperation, and promote the progressive development of the Chinese-Belarusian relations for the benefit of the peoples of the two countries,” the Chinese president emphasised.

Xi Jinping wished good health and success in his work to Aleksandr Lukashenko, prosperity and strength to friendly Belarus, and happiness and well-being to the Belarusian people.

The Belarusian Telegraph Agency (BelTA) has also been reporting numerous congratulatory messages from other foreign leaders.

Russian President Putin wrote: “Your convincing victory in the election clearly demonstrates your high political authority and the unconditional support of the people for the state course of Belarus… You are always a welcome and dear guest in Russia. As we agreed, we will soon meet in Moscow.”

Vietnamese President Luong Cuong said: “Vietnam always follows and observes with satisfaction the accomplishments secured by the Belarusian nation under your leadership in terms of social and economic development and the enhancement of the international positions of the country. Vietnam attaches great importance to strengthening and developing the traditional friendship with Belarus.”

Nicaraguan President Daniel Ortega and Vice President Rosario Murillo jointly wrote: ““We are happy about and proud of our close, fraternal and revolutionary relations. We have common aspirations, goals and commitment to achieve peace, well-being and prosperity. We congratulate you on this historic triumph. Your courageous people have elected you to continue to lead the struggle for a new, multipolar world based on the principles of justice, brotherhood and respect.”

Serbian President Vucic said: “I would like to express my gratitude for the principled position and unwavering support of the Republic of Belarus and you personally on the issue of territorial integrity and sovereignty of the Republic of Serbia.”

The day after receiving congratulations from Xi Jinping, the Belarus leader wrote to congratulate his Chinese counterpart on the occasion of the Spring Festival (Chinese New Year):

“The past year was marked by significant accomplishments on the part of the People’s Republic of China, which remains a reference point and an example to follow,” the congratulatory message reads. “As a result of the third plenary session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China we witnessed further development of China’s responsible foreign policy, which reflects the country’s role in the world and is consonant with modern challenges… Our country has been, is, and will be a reliable partner of the People’s Republic of China in the course of achieving all the set goals. There is no doubt that in 2025 we will continue progressively and systemically bolstering the all-weather and all-round strategic partnership while our friendship will be a reference point for the entire world.”

On January 26, Lukashenko spoke with Chinese journalists after casting his vote.

Friends of Socialist China stand with the Bolivarian Revolution and a multipolar world

Nicolás Maduro was inaugurated as President of Venezuela for a third term on January 10.

Wang Dongming, a vice chairperson of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress (NPC) attended the inauguration as the Special Envoy of Chinese President Xi Jinping. He was among many senior political figures to participate, including the Presidents of Cuba and Nicaragua, the Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, the former President of Honduras, the Special Envoy of the Russian President, the General Secretary of the South African Communist Party (SACP), and official representatives from Bolivia, Algeria, the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, Serbia, Antigua and Barbuda, Grenada and Saint Lucia among others.

Meeting with Maduro after his inauguration, Wang said that, in September 2023, Xi and Maduro jointly announced the elevation of China-Venezuela relations to an all-weather strategic partnership, leading bilateral relations into a new era. Last year, the two sides solemnly celebrated the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic ties, and the friendship between the two countries has become more deeply rooted in the hearts of the two peoples.

Maduro asked Wang to convey his highest respect and sincere greetings to Xi and extended his gratitude to him for sending a special envoy to attend the inauguration ceremony of his new term.

Venezuela, he said, attaches great importance to developing the China-Venezuela all-weather strategic partnership and firmly supports China in safeguarding its core interests. Venezuela stands ready to join hands with China to advance practical cooperation in various fields, strengthen the exchange of governance experience, and lift bilateral ties to a new level.

Earlier, on January 7, another Special Envoy of President Xi, Hao Mingjin, also a vice chairperson of the NPC Standing Committee, attended the inauguration of Ghanaian President John Dramani Mahama in the capital Accra.

Meeting Mahama after the inauguration, Hao said that China deeply values its traditional friendship with Ghana and remains committed to fostering China-Ghana relations from a strategic and long-term perspective. This year marks the 65th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries. China is ready to take this opportunity to enhance communication with Ghana within the frameworks of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC), aiming to elevate the China-Ghana strategic partnership to new heights.

An analysis of the significance of Mahama’s electoral victory may be read here.

In Venezuela, the high-level delegations were joined by representatives of progressive and popular movements from around 120 countries. Friends of Socialist China was honoured to send a delegation to Venezuela on this occasion.

We publish below the report and reflections of one of our delegates, Russel Harland, a fulltime trade union official and member of our Britain Committee. The other articles below were originally published by the Xinhua News Agency.

Three other articles by our comrades David Peat and Fiona Sim were published in the Morning Star.

Friends of Socialist China is also among the sponsors of a webinar, ‘Defending the Bolivarian Revolution: Delegates report back from Venezuela’ being organised by the International Manifesto Group (IMG) on Saturday February 1. You can register here.

Xi’s special envoy attends Venezuelan president’s inauguration

CARACAS, Jan. 11 (Xinhua) — Chinese President Xi Jinping’s special envoy Wang Dongming attended here the inauguration of Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro at the invitation of the Venezuelan government on Friday.

Maduro met with Wang, also vice chairperson of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress, at the presidential palace after the inauguration.

Wang conveyed cordial greetings and good wishes from Xi to Maduro and congratulated him on his re-election as president of Venezuela.

Wang said that in September 2023, Xi and Maduro jointly announced the elevation of China-Venezuela relations to an all-weather strategic partnership, leading bilateral relations into a new era.

Last year, the two sides solemnly celebrated the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic ties, and the friendship between the two countries has been more deeply rooted in the hearts of the two peoples, Wang said.

China is willing to work with Venezuela to continue to implement the important consensus reached by the two heads of state, consolidate and develop the traditional friendship, and push forward bilateral relations for the benefit of the two peoples, Wang said.

Maduro asked Wang to convey his highest respect and sincere greetings to Xi, and extended his gratitude to Xi for sending a special envoy to attend the inauguration ceremony of his new term.

Venezuela attaches great importance to developing China-Venezuela all-weather strategic partnership, and firmly supports China in safeguarding its core interests, Maduro said, adding that Venezuela stands ready to join hands with China to advance practical cooperation in various fields, strengthen the exchange of governance experience, and lift bilateral ties to a new level.

Xi Jinping and Vladimir Putin affirm stability and resilience of China-Russia relations

Chinese President Xi Jinping and his Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin met by video link on January 21, with the Chinese leader saying that he is willing to continue with their joint work of guiding bilateral relations towards a new height in the new year and coping with uncertainties of the external environment through the stability and resilience of China-Russia relations, jointly promoting the development and revitalisation of the two countries, and upholding international fairness and justice. The two heads of state also exchanged festive greetings for the upcoming Chinese Lunar New Year.

Xi recalled the three meetings he had with Putin last year, which led to a range of important common understandings. He also said last year marked the 75th anniversary of the China-Russia diplomatic relations, which feature permanent good-neighbourly friendship, comprehensive strategic coordination and mutually beneficial cooperation, and have become increasingly dynamic. The close coordination between the two countries on multilateral platforms such as the United Nations (UN), the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) and BRICS has provided more positive energy for the reform and development of the global governance system.

He noted that this year marks the 80th anniversary of the victories of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the Soviet Union’s Great Patriotic War and the World Anti-Fascist War, as well as the 80th anniversary of the founding of the UN.

China and Russia should take this as an opportunity to jointly defend the UN-centred international system and the outcomes of victory in World War II, promote all countries’ adherence to the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, uphold the universally recognised basic norms governing international relations, and practice true multilateralism, Xi stressed. As the rotating chair of the SCO, China is willing to work with Russia and other member states to usher in a new phase of the organisation’s life featuring higher-quality development and greater responsibility.

Xi also called on the two countries to jointly advance greater BRICS cooperation and write a new chapter of unity and self-improvement for the Global South.

President Putin expressed satisfaction with the sustained positive momentum in bilateral trade and energy cooperation, the constant increase in mutual visits by people of the two countries, and the close communication and collaboration between the two sides on multilateral arenas. He noted that 80 years ago, the Russian and Chinese people resisted aggressors with their blood and lives, safeguarding their national sovereignty and dignity. He said that this year, the two sides will jointly commemorate the 80th anniversary of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War and defend the outcomes of World War II.

Responding to Xi he said: “I agree with you that cooperation between Moscow and Beijing is based on common national interests in many spheres and shared views on what relations between major powers should be like. We are developing our ties on the basis of friendship, mutual trust and support, equality and mutual benefit. These ties are self-sufficient, as they do not depend on any domestic political factors or the current global situation. Their all-round strengthening fully meets the goals of the comprehensive development of Russia and China and the improvement of our peoples’ well-being.

“We coordinate our actions across various multilateral institutions, including the United Nations and its Security Council, the SCO, the G20 and APEC. We stand united in advocating for a more just multipolar world order and work to ensure indivisible security both in the Eurasian space and globally. It can be said confidently that our foreign policy ties and Russia and China’s joint efforts objectively play a major stabilising role in international affairs.

“China is the largest consumer of Russian energy resources. We hold the first place in terms of oil exports to the country. Five years ago, we launched the Power of Siberia gas pipeline together, and today, Russia has become the leading supplier of natural gas to China. In December 2024, we signed a roadmap for a comprehensive programme of cooperation on fast neutron reactors and closing the nuclear fuel cycle, which is the nuclear power technology of the future.

“This year we are preparing to solemnly celebrate the 80th anniversary of the Great Victory. Its memory is sacred for both our nations, which fought deadly battles against the aggressors and defeated the enemy at the cost of numerous lives. The ideology of fascism, Nazism and militarism must not be allowed to rear its head again. It is important to cherish and defend the historical truth together with other nations that are guided by the same belief.”

The Russian News Agency TASS quoted Russian Presidential Aide Yury Ushakov as saying that Russia has invited Xi Jinping to attend celebrations of the 80th anniversary of victory over Nazi Germany in Moscow on May 9, 2025.

“Russia and China will have broad celebrations on that day. We invited many heads of states to the Victory Day celebrations in Moscow on May 9, and, of course, we have invited the Chinese president,” the Kremlin official said.

In turn, China has invited Russian President Vladimir Putin to commemorative events marking the 80th anniversary of victory over Japan and the formal end of World War Two, due in Beijing in September 2025, Ushakov told reporters.

“The Chinese side will organise events to mark the 80th anniversary of victory over Japan and the end of World War Two. These events are scheduled to take place in Beijing on September 3, and the Russian leader was also invited to take part,” he said.

The following articles were originally published by the Xinhua News Agency, the official website of the President of Russia and the Russian News Agency TASS.

Xi speaks with Putin, calling on China, Russia to uphold int’l fairness, justice

BEIJING, Jan. 21 (Xinhua) — Chinese President Xi Jinping on Tuesday said he is willing to work with Russian President Vladimir Putin to continue guiding bilateral relations towards a new height in the new year.

Speaking with Putin in a video meeting, Xi called for coping with uncertainties of the external environment with the stability and resilience of China-Russia relations, jointly promoting the development and revitalization of the two countries, and upholding international fairness and justice.

The two heads of state exchanged festive greetings for the upcoming Chinese Lunar New Year.

Xi also mentioned various activities held as part of the China-Russia Years of Culture, as well as steadily progressing pragmatic cooperation and growing bilateral trade.

The close coordination between the two countries on multilateral platforms such as the United Nations (UN), the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and BRICS has provided more positive energy for the reform and development of the global governance system, Xi said.

China and Vietnam mark 75th anniversary of diplomatic relations

Friendly relations between the two socialist neighbours of China and Vietnam have got off to a flying start in 2025 with a focus on the 75^th anniversary of their diplomatic relations. On January 18, 1950, just some three months after its own foundation, the People’s Republic of China became the very first country to establish diplomatic relations with the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (now the Socialist Republic of Vietnam), which had been founded by Ho Chi Minh on September 2, 1945.

Chinese President Xi Jinping, who is also the General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, exchanged congratulatory messages with General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) Central Committee To Lam and Vietnamese President Luong Cuong on the anniversary day.

Xi said that China and Vietnam, two friendly socialist neighbours, represent a community with a shared future that carries strategic significance. Since the establishment of diplomatic ties 75 years ago, the two sides have fought side by side and supported each other in their struggle for national independence and liberation, Xi said, adding that “So profound is the friendship between Vietnam and China, because we are both comrades and brothers” has become the most vivid portrayal of the relations between the two parties and countries.

In advancing socialism, the two sides have learned from each other and forged ahead hand in hand, thereby deepening their comprehensive strategic cooperation, he said, adding that China and Vietnam share the same ideals and pursue a shared future, which is the most striking feature of the relations between the two parties and countries.

As changes of the world, of the times and of history are unfolding in unprecedented ways, China and Vietnam continuing to follow in good faith the path of socialism has a bearing on the future of the two parties and countries as well as the future of the global socialist cause, and is of great significance to the peace, stability, development and prosperity of the region and the world at large.

Xi added that he attaches great importance to the growth of bilateral relations and is willing to work with Vietnamese leaders to take the opportunity of the 75th anniversary of diplomatic ties and the China-Vietnam Year of People-to-People Exchanges, keep in mind the original mission and forge ahead on the new journey toward socialist modernisation, so as to deliver more benefits to the two peoples and make important contributions to revitalising the world socialist cause as well as pushing for human development and progress.

For his part, To Lam said that over the past 75 years, the two parties and countries have gone hand in hand and have forged a deep traditional friendship described as “So profound is the friendship between Vietnam and China, because we are both comrades and brothers.” [The significance of both leaders employing this same phrase is that it is a line of poetry from Ho Chi Minh.]

Against the backdrop of profound and complex changes in the international and regional situation, with the socialist cause of the two countries entering a critical stage, top leaders of the two parties and countries have agreed to build a Vietnam-China community with a shared future that carries strategic significance, noted To Lam.

Luong Cuong said that experiences over the last 75 years have proved that the consolidation of bilateral traditional friendship is in line with the fundamental aspirations and long-term interests of the two peoples, and will contribute to regional and world peace, stability, cooperation and development.

He expressed the belief that under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core and under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, China will achieve the goals and tasks set forth at the 20th CPC National Congress and build China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious and beautiful.

Other Chinese leaders also exchanged messages with their Vietnamese counterparts for the anniversary.

Earlier, Xi Jinping and To Lam had held a phone call on January 15.

The year 2025 marks the conclusion of China’s 14th Five-Year Plan period, and a key year for the preparation of the 14th National Congress of the CPV, Xi said, noting it is a year of great significance for both countries that serves as both a point of continuity and a new starting point. The two sides should continue to rejuvenate and strengthen the two parties, deepen exchanges of socialist theory and practical experience, and promote the development of the socialist cause amid great changes unseen in a century.

He added that the two sides should carry out warm and down to earth people-to-people and cultural exchanges that connect people’s hearts, and strengthen exchanges and cooperation in areas such as media, culture and tourism, as well as between the youths of the two nations and at the sub-national level, creating more projects that win the hearts of the people.

Xi pointed out that since the 13th National Congress of the CPV, the party has united and led all the Vietnamese people to overcome various difficulties and challenges and make new achievements in the cause of socialist construction and renovation.

To Lam said that with the goal of preparing for the 14th National Congress of the CPV, Vietnam is set to embark on a new era of development, which envisions a prosperous, powerful, democratic, equitable, and civilised nation. In this process, Vietnam will learn from China’s development experience as much as possible, especially the new theoretical and practical innovation of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.

He added that Vietnam will continue to give top priority to developing Vietnam-China relations in its foreign policy, strengthen strategic communication between the two parties and two countries, enhance policy alignment with China, jointly host the celebration of the 75th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic ties, properly manage and resolve differences, and push forward the building of a Vietnam-China community with a shared future of strategic significance.

Vietnamese Permanent Deputy Foreign Minister Nguyen Minh Vu gave a media briefing on the occasion.

He said that since the beginning of 2024, the two nations’ key leaders have held over 20 meetings during bilateral visits and on the sidelines of multilateral events. Mechanisms for bilateral exchange and cooperation have become increasingly comprehensive and diverse, reflecting a high level of mutual trust.

At the same time, trade, investment, and tourism cooperation have seen positive growth. In the first 11 months of 2024, bilateral trade reached 185.6 billion USD, an 18.9% increase. Notably, Vietnam’s key agricultural exports saw substantial gains, with durian exports to China exceeding USD 3.5 billion, a 50% rise compared to the previous year. Chinese tourist arrivals to Vietnam surpassed 3.3 million, a remarkable 222% increase.

Celebrations of the anniversary were held in both the Vietnamese capital Hanoi and in the country’s economic powerhouse Ho Chi Minh City.

CPV Politburo member, President of the Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics (HCMA) and Chairman of the Central Theory Council Nguyen Xuan Thang attended a banquet hosted by the Chinese Embassy in Vietnam on January 17.

He expressed his confidence that under the leadership of the two countries’ leaders, along with efforts of ministries, sectors, localities and people, the comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership between the two nations and the Vietnam-China community with a shared future that carries strategic significance will thrive in a deep, stable and sustainable manner for the happiness of both countries’ people as well as for peace and progress of humankind.

For his part, Chinese Ambassador to Vietnam He Wei praised the historic achievements of the Vietnam-China relationship over the past 75 years. He highlighted the enduring friendship of being both comrades and brothers initiated by Chairman Mao Zedong and President Ho Chi Minh as the firm political foundation for the two countries’ strong ties.

At the Ho Chi Minh City event, held on January 20, Permanent Vice Chairman of the Ho Chi Minh City People’s Committee Duong Ngoc Hai reflected on the long-standing relationship between the two countries.

He emphasised that over the past 75 years, the governments and people of Vietnam and China have deeply valued the importance of nurturing and strengthening their traditional friendship. This relationship, initiated and cultivated by President Ho Chi Minh and Chairman Mao Zedong, has laid a strong foundation for the continuous development of the bilateral relations.

The Chinese Ambassador, reflecting on the 75-year history, acknowledged that despite challenges, the relations between Vietnam and China have flourished and reaped positive outcomes in multiple sectors, including politics, defence, trade, tourism, and people-to-people exchanges. He expressed optimism that Ho Chi Minh City, as Vietnam’s economic engine and a pioneer in the country’s reforms, will benefit from the positive development of Vietnam-China relations.

In an interview with the Vietnam News Agency, Vietnamese Ambassador to China Pham Thanh Binh said that over the 75-year journey, the bilateral relationship has experienced ups and downs, but the two Parties, governments, and peoples have stood shoulder to shoulder, offering immense and invaluable support to one another, contributing to the success of national liberation and construction and the development of each country. The friendship of being both comrades and brothers, built and nurtured by President Ho Chi Minh and Chairman Mao Zedong, along with generations of the two countries’ leaders, has become a valuable asset of both nations.

Especially since the normalisation of relations in 1991, the relationship between the two Parties and two countries has been continuously promoted to new heights, registering important achievements and milestones.

In politics, the leaders of the party, state, government, parliament and united front of the two countries regularly meet to promote traditional friendship, strengthen political trust and deepen cooperation across various fields while well controlling disagreements, orienting and promoting the healthy and long-term stable development of Vietnam-China relations.

The economic and trade ties between Vietnam and China have seen robust development. China remains Vietnam’s largest trading partner, its top import market, and its second-largest export market. In 2024, the first year of the two countries implementing agreements and common perceptions after the upgrade of bilateral ties, bilateral trade surpassed 200 billion USD. Vietnam is currently China’s fourth-largest trading partner globally.

Since the normalisation of relations in 1991, bilateral trade has increased more than 6,400 times, from 32 million USD to 200 billion USD. In terms of investment, China has become Vietnam’s third-largest foreign investor, with total registered capital amounting to 31.8 billion USD. This figure marks significant growth from 2014, when China ranked ninth, with cumulative registered capital of about 8 billion USD.

The two countries have resolved two of their three border and territorial issues with the signing of the Land Border Agreement in 1999 and completing the land border demarcation work in 2008, and signing the agreement on the demarcation of the Gulf of Tonkin in 2000. Regarding maritime disputes, senior leaders of the two Parties and countries have reached significant common perceptions on well managing disagreements and maintaining peace and stability at sea.

The following articles were originally published by the Xinhua News Agency and Nhân Dân.

Xi says ready to push for building China-Vietnam community with a shared future

BEIJING, Jan. 18 (Xinhua) — Chinese President Xi Jinping said on Saturday that he is ready to work with Vietnamese leaders to deepen strategic mutual trust, strengthen practical cooperation, and push for new achievements in building a China-Vietnam community with a shared future that carries strategic significance.

Xi, also general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, made the remarks when exchanging congratulations with General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam Central Committee To Lam and Vietnamese President Luong Cuong over the 75th anniversary of diplomatic ties.

Xi said that China and Vietnam, two friendly socialist neighbors, represent a community with a shared future that carries strategic significance.

Since the establishment of diplomatic ties 75 years ago, the two sides have fought side by side and supported each other in their struggle for national independence and liberation, Xi said, adding that “So profound is the friendship between Vietnam and China, because we are both comrades and brothers” has become the most vivid portrayal of the relations between the two parties and countries.

Recalling his successful visit to Vietnam in 2023, Xi said that the two sides pledged to work for a China-Vietnam community with a shared future that carries strategic significance, raising up the relations between the two parties and countries to a new stage.

As changes of the world, of the times and of history are unfolding in unprecedented ways, Xi said, China and Vietnam continuing to follow in good faith the path of socialism has a bearing on the future of the two parties and countries as well as the future of the global socialist cause, and is of great significance to the peace, stability, development and prosperity of the region and the world at large.

Xi said that he attaches great importance to the growth of bilateral relations and is willing to work with Vietnamese leaders to take the opportunity of the 75th anniversary of diplomatic ties and the China-Vietnam Year of People-to-People Exchanges, keep in mind the original mission and forge ahead on the new journey toward socialist modernization, so as to deliver more benefits to the two peoples and make important contributions to revitalizing the world socialist cause as well as pushing for human development and progress.

He noted that the Vietnamese party, government and people have always taken developing good relations with China as a consistent stand and top priority in Vietnam’s foreign policy.

He expressed his firm belief that under the personal attention and guidance of leaders of the two parties and countries, various departments of the two sides will work closely together to push the building of a Vietnam-China community with a shared future to a new level.

Vietnam is willing to work with China to continuously deepen their comprehensive strategic cooperation and promote the building of a Vietnam-China community with a shared future that carries strategic significance, he said.

On the same day, Chinese Premier Li Qiang exchanged congratulatory messages with Vietnamese Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh.

Li said that he is willing to work with Pham Minh Chinh to earnestly implement the important consensus reached by the top leaders of the two parties and countries, and push the development of bilateral relations and bilateral cooperation in various fields to a new level.

Pham Minh Chinh pledged Vietnam’s readiness to work with China to strengthen supervision and guidance to various departments and localities, so as to speed up the implementation of important cooperation plans and promote the implementation of the consensus on six major goals reached by leaders of the two parties and countries.

Vietnam, China exchange congratulatory messages on 75th anniversary of diplomatic ties

Jan. 18 (Nhân Dân) — Top Vietnamese and Chinese leaders have exchanged their messages of congratulations on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of diplomatic relations between the two countries (January 18, 1950 – 2025).

General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam Central Committee To Lam, State President Luong Cuong, Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh, Chairman of the National Assembly Tran Thanh Man, President of the Vietnam Fatherland Front Central Committee Do Van Chien exchanged congratulatory messages with General Secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and President of China Xi Jinping, Premier Li Qiang, Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress of China Zhao Leji and Chairman of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference National Committee Wang Huning.

In their messages, the Vietnamese leaders highlighted that over the past 75 years, the traditional friendship between Vietnam and China has maintained stable development. Political trust has been increasingly consolidated, the bonds of friendship between both nations’ people have been stronger, and cooperation in various fields has deepened and become more substantive, bringing tangible benefits to the two countries’ people, contributing to peace, stability, and prosperity in the region and the world.

The Party, State, and people of Vietnam value and remember the invaluable and effective cooperation and support given by the Party, State, and people of China in historical periods. Developing the traditional friendship and comprehensive cooperation with China remains a consistent policy and a top priority in Vietnam’s foreign policy of independence, self-reliance, and diversification and multilateralisation of relations.

In the context of profound changes in the global and regional landscape, and as the socialist cause in each country enters a pivotal stage, the top leaders of the two Parties and nations have agreed to further strengthen the comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership, promote the building of the Vietnam-China community with a shared future that carries strategic significance, for the happiness of the people of both countries and for peace and progress for humanity. This is both a responsibility and an objective necessity, aligning with the aspirations and interests of the two Parties and peoples.

Meanwhile, the congratulatory messages from Chinese leaders said that China and Vietnam, two friendly socialist neighbours, represents a community with a shared future that carries strategic significance.

Since the establishment of diplomatic ties 75 years ago, the two sides have fought side by side and supported each other in their struggle for national independence and liberation. The Vietnam-China friendship of being both comrades and brothers has become the most vivid symbol of the relations between the two parties and countries.

In advancing socialism, the two sides have learned from each other and forged ahead hand in hand, thereby deepening their comprehensive strategic cooperation.

On this occasion, Secretary of the Party Central Committee and Head of the its Commission for External Relations Le Hoai Trung and Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs Bui Thanh Son exchanged congratulatory messages with Head of the International Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee Liu Jianchao and Director of the Office of the Central Commission for Foreign Affairs and Minister of Foreign Affairs Wang Yi.

Xi urges China, Vietnam to step up connectivity, new quality productive forces cooperation

BEIJING, Jan. 15 (Xinhua) — Chinese President Xi Jinping on Wednesday called on China and Vietnam to step up connectivity, jointly build frontier platform for new quality productive forces cooperation, and build stable and smooth cross-border industrial and supply chains.

Xi, also general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, made the remarks during his phone talks with General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) Central Committee To Lam.

Xi said he is glad to hold phone talks with To Lam at the turn of the year and on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the establishment of bilateral diplomatic ties, recalling that during To Lam’s state visit to China last August, the two leaders had in-depth exchanges and reached broad consensus on deepening relations between the two parties and the two countries, as well as jointly promoting the development of socialist cause.

Over the past six months, the two sides have been active in implementation of the consensus, and the cooperation issues the two leaders agreed on have achieved positive progress, Xi said.

The year 2025 marks the conclusion of China’s 14th Five-Year Plan period, and a key year for the preparation of 14th National Congress of the CPV, Xi said, noting it is a year of great significance for both countries that serves as both a point of continuity and a new starting point.

The two sides should continue to rejuvenate and strengthen the two parties, deepen exchanges of socialist theory and practical experience, and promote the development of the socialist cause amid great changes unseen in a century, said Xi.

It is necessary to fully leverage the political guidance of high-level exchanges and continue to maintain close exchanges, Xi said, adding the two countries should push for more results in mutually beneficial cooperation.

The two sides should carry out warm and down to earth people-to-people and cultural exchanges that connect people’s hearts, and strengthen exchanges and cooperation in areas such as media, culture and tourism, as well as between the youths of the two nations and at the sub-national level, creating more projects that win the hearts of the people, Xi said.

The two countries should also strengthen international and regional coordination, safeguard international fairness and justice, and jointly build a community with a shared future for mankind, he added.

Xi pointed out that since the 13th National Congress of the CPV, the CPV has united and led all the Vietnamese people to overcome various difficulties and challenges and make new achievements in the cause of socialist construction and renovation.

It is believed that under the leadership of the Central Committee of the CPV headed by Comrade To Lam, the party, the state and the people of Vietnam will focus on ensuring the 14th National Congress a success, and firmly advance toward Vietnam’s two centennial goals, Xi said.

For his part, To Lam first extended sincere condolences over the heavy loss of life and property caused by the earthquake in China’s Xizang Autonomous Region, expressing confidence that under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Xi at its core, China will overcome the damage caused by the earthquake at an early date.

The Vietnamese side sincerely admires the tremendous development achievements made by the Chinese people under the leadership of the CPC, and believes that China will leverage its advantages in economic scale and development of new quality productive forces and continue to make greater achievements in development, To Lam said.

He added that Vietnam actively supports the three major global initiatives proposed by Xi and is willing to strengthen cooperation with China within this framework.

To Lam noted that over the past year, Vietnam has united the whole party and nation to overcome many difficulties and challenges, achieving significant new results in economic and social development.

In this process, Vietnam will learn from China’s development experience as much as possible, especially the new theoretical and practical innovation of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, he added.

To Lam said that Vietnam will continue to give top priority to developing Vietnam-China relations in its foreign policy, strengthen strategic communication between the two parties and two countries, enhance policy alignment with China, jointly host the celebration of the 75th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic ties, properly manage and resolve differences, and push forward the building of a Vietnam-China community with a shared future of strategic significance.

Xi and To Lam jointly announced the official launch of the China-Vietnam Year of People-to-People Exchanges, and exchanged New Year greetings, wishing the two peoples good luck and well-being.

Vietnam, China prioritise strengthening bilateral ties

Jan. 15 (Nhân Dân) — General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) Central Committee To Lam and General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and President of China Xi Jinping talked over the phone on January 15, during which both leaders affirmed commitments to prioritising the enhancement of relations between the two countries.

The talks took place on the occasion of the 75th founding anniversary of Vietnam-China diplomatic relations (January 18, 1950 – 2025), and in the context that the two nations are preparing for the Lunar New Year Festival.

The two leaders noted the significance of the phone talks, viewing it as an important and positive start for the Year of Vietnam-China Humanistic Exchange. They said it reflects the high regard and top priority each side places on the relations between the two Parties and countries, setting the direction for their effective cooperation in 2025 and the years to come.

As the Year of the Snake is approaching, the two leaders wished for greater achievements in the socialist building of each country, for prosperity and well-being for the people of both nations, and for the continued healthy and stable development of the relations between the two Parties and countries, contributing to peace, stability, and development in the region and the world at large.

The two leaders praised the traditional Vietnam-China friendship over the past 75 years, saying it has maintained the positive development trend, reaped multiple achievements, and brought tangible benefits to the two countries’ people.

In 2024, high-level exchanges took place frequently, fostering a spirit of friendship and effective cooperation across various levels, sectors, and communities. Many agreements and high-level common perceptions, including the Vietnam-China joint statement issued in August 2024, are being actively implemented.

Lam expressed his sympathy with the families of the victims and to all those affected by the recent devastating earthquake in Tibet. The Vietnamese leader noted confidence that under the timely leadership and guidance of the CPC Central Committee, the Chinese people would quickly overcome the aftermath and stabilise their lives.

He also congratulated China on the significant achievements it has made under the leadership of the CPC, with Xi at its core, and expressed his belief that China will grow stronger and contribute more to peace, stability, and development in the region and the world.

For his part, Xi extended his warm congratulations to the CPV and Lam on the occasion of the 95th founding anniversary of the CPV (February 3, 1930 – 2025).

He lauded the comprehensive achievements Vietnam has recorded in recent years and hoped that the CPV, led by Lam, will continue to guide the Vietnamese people to successfully implement the Resolution of the 13th National Party Congress, successfully organise the 14th National Party Congress, and achieve the centennial goals to celebrate the Party’s and the nation’s founding.

The Chinese top leader said he believed that Vietnam will steadfastly progress toward the new era of the nation’s rise on the path to socialism.

Lam emphasised that the Party, State, and people of Vietnam treasure the valuable support from their Chinese counterparts during historical periods, affirming that Vietnam always considers developing the bilateral relations a top priority in its foreign policy of independence, self-reliance, multilateralisation, and diversification.

In reply, Xi also affirmed that the Party and State of China prioritise developing relations with Vietnam in its neighbourhood diplomacy.

On this occasion, the leaders jointly announced the launch of the the Year of Vietnam-China Humanistic Exchange 2025. They also agreed to effectively coordinate in organising activities to celebrate the 75th founding anniversary of the diplomatic relations and the Year of Vietnam-China Humanistic Exchange 2025; and in raising public awareness, especially among younger generations, of the traditional friendship between the two countries.

They consented to strengthen strategic exchanges between the two Parties and countries, especially high-level exchanges that hold strategic orientation significance for the overall bilateral relations; improve the effectiveness of cooperation mechanisms on the channels of Party, Government, National Assembly/National People’s Congress, and Vietnam Fatherland Front/Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference; promote defence and security cooperation as an important pillar of the bilateral relationship; create new breakthroughs in economic cooperation, accelerating the connection of three standard gauge railway lines between the two countries; and expand trade and investment cooperation in emerging fields.

Xi welcomed Vietnam’s efforts to better quality and expand the consumption of its high-quality agricultural products in the Chinese market.

The two leaders exchanged information about the situation of each Party and country, agreeing to intensify the exchanges of experience and theory discussions on socialism building, and coordinate on international and regional issues to contribute to promoting peace, stability, and development in the region and the world.

The Vietnamese Party chief suggested the two sides direct their sectors to seek effective methods and solutions to better manage and resolve differences, and to enhance cooperation in accordance with the scope of the bilateral relations, and on the basis of the UN Charter and international law, including the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).

He invited the Chinese leader and his spouse to soon visit Vietnam again this year. Xi accepted the invitation with pleasure.

Realisation of Vietnam-China common perceptions on right track: Official

Jan. 18 (Nhân Dân) — Vietnam and China have effectively implemented the common perceptions reached by top leaders of the two countries, Permanent Deputy Foreign Minister Nguyen Minh Vu told the media on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the Vietnam-China diplomatic relations (January 18, 1950-2025).

Vu said that during the China visit by Party General Secretary To Lam, who also acted as the State President of Vietnam then, in August, 2024, leaders of the two Parties and States outlined six major orientations comprising stronger political trust, more substantial cooperation in defence-security, deeper and more practical cooperation, more solid social foundation, closer multilateral coordination, and better management and settlement of differences.

These important orientations have been seriously implemented by authorities at all levels, as well as sectors and localities of both countries, yielding highly specific and remarkable results. Strategic exchanges and high-level contacts have been significantly enhanced through diverse formats and an unprecedented frequency.

Since the beginning of 2024, the two nations’ key leaders have held over 20 meetings during bilateral visits and on the sidelines of multilateral events. Mechanisms for bilateral exchange and cooperation have become increasingly comprehensive and diverse, reflecting a high level of mutual trust, he stated.

He said that in 2025, on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of diplomatic relations, both sides will continue to comprehensively implement high-level common perceptions and enhance the effectiveness of exchanges and cooperation across various fields. These efforts will focus on strengthening three key pillars – political, material, and social foundations.

Regarding political foundation, the official underlined the need for boosting high-level and multi-tier exchanges, maximising the effectiveness of Party, Government, parliamentary, front, and local cooperation mechanisms, especially among key agencies such as foreign affairs, defence, and public security.

On the material foundation, he said that the two sides will strive for breakthroughs in economic and trade collaboration, prioritising major projects such as three railway connections, while expanding into potential areas where China excels and Vietnam requires support, including technology, innovation, digital transformation, green transition, and clean energy.

For social foundation, he pointed to the need for deepening people-to-people exchange, particularly among the youngsters, along with organising activities to mark the 75th anniversary of bilateral diplomatic ties and the Year of Vietnam-China Humanistic Exchange, while effectively managing and properly settling maritime issues in accordance with international law, including the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), contributing to regional peace, cooperation, and development.

Highlighting the implementation of the Year of Vietnam-China Humanistic Exchange, Deputy FM Vu said that friendship, trust, and mutual understanding among nations’ people form a vital foundation for sustainable political relations and economic cooperation.

Recognising the importance of people-to-people diplomacy, leaders of Vietnam and China have identified “stronger social foundations” as one of the six pillars of the “six major orientations,” he said.

To realise this shared vision, the top leaders of the two countries initiated the Year of Vietnam-China Humanistic Exchange in 2025 during their recent telephone talks, aiming to commemorate the 75th anniversary of bilateral diplomatic ties.

Specific activities to be conducted during the year including promoting high-level delegation exchanges between leaders of the two Parties and nations, enhancing collaboration between central Party agencies, ministries, National Assembly bodies, and mass organisations, as well as the Vietnam Union of Friendship Organisations, through diverse, practical people-to-people diplomacy activities. These include cultural, artistic, and sports exchanges, as well as exhibitions, competitions on cultural and linguistic understanding, and engagement with former Chinese experts and advisors who supported Vietnam in the past.

The two sides will focus on organising cultural and friendship events in border provinces to strengthen ties between local communities, and fostering tourism cooperation by facilitating travel, enabling citizens to experience the culture and friendship between the two countries more directly, he stated.

He expressed his confidence that the diverse and meaningful activities in 2025 will strengthen understanding between the two peoples, particularly the younger generation, and solidify the social foundation for the bilateral comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership and the building of the Vietnam-China community with a shared future that carries strategic significance.

Vietnam-China 75-year ties celebrated in Hanoi

Jan. 18 (Nhân Dân) — Politburo member, President of the Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics (HCMA) and Chairman of the Central Theory Council Nguyen Xuan Thang attended a banquet hosted by the Chinese Embassy in Vietnam on January 17 to celebrate the 75th anniversary of the Vietnam-China diplomatic relations (January 18, 1950-2025).

Addressing the event, Thang reflected on the history of Vietnam-China relations, acknowledging periods of ups and downs but emphasising that solidarity, friendship, and cooperation have remained the primary trajectory. He affirmed that developing ties with China is a strategic choice and a top priority in Vietnam’s foreign policy of independence, self-reliance, multilateralisation and diversification.

Stable and sustainable ties between the two nations, he noted, align with the interests of their people and contribute to regional and global development and prosperity.

Thang highlighted the achievements of the comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership between Vietnam and China in 2024. He attributed the outcomes to the strategic orientation and close coordination between the two countries’ Party and State leaders.

He noted progress in political trust, security and defence collaboration, robust economic, trade, and investment partnerships, and vibrant people-to-people exchanges.

The Politburo member expressed his confidence that under the leadership of the two countries’ leaders, along with efforts of ministries, sectors, localities and people, the comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership between the two nations and the Vietnam-China community with a shared future that carries strategic significance will thrive in a deep, stable and sustainable manner for the happiness of both countries’ people as well as for peace and progress of humankind.

Thang extended wishes for the Lunar New Year of the Snake to the people of Vietnam and China.

He affirmed that the Party and Government of China attach great importance to developing relations with the Party and State of Vietnam, and are ready to work with Vietnam to build on past achievements, deepen practical cooperation, and strengthen the comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership between the two countries as well as the Vietnam-China community with a shared future that carries strategic significance, making bilateral relationship a model for peaceful, friendly, and mutually beneficial neighbourly relations, advancing the well-being of both nations and contributing to regional and global stability, cooperation and development.

HCM City marks 75th anniversary of Vietnam-China diplomatic ties

Jan. 20 (Nhân Dân) — A ceremony was held in Ho Chi Minh City on January 20 to celebrate the 75th founding anniversary of diplomatic relations between Vietnam and China (January 18, 1950 – 2025).

At the event, Permanent Vice Chairman of the Ho Chi Minh City People’s Committee Duong Ngoc Hai reflected on the long-standing relationship between the two countries.

In recent years, leaders of the two Parties and States have paid mutual high-level visits, and agreed to elevate the bilateral relationship to a Comprehensive Strategic Cooperative Partnership and build a Vietnam-China community with a shared future, bringing about positive results in various areas, including politics, diplomacy, trade, culture, and people-to-people exchanges, Hai said.

Additionally, cooperation between localities, ministries, and sectors of both countries has flourished, significantly boosting bilateral trade.

Hai emphasised Ho Chi Minh City’s role as the economic powerhouse of Vietnam, highlighting the city’s ongoing commitment to enhancing cooperation with Chinese ministries, localities, and agencies.

He reaffirmed that strengthening economic ties and facilitating exchanges between local administrations are key priorities to further deepen the Comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership.

The Vice Chairman also pledged that the city would continue promoting the traditional friendship with China, focusing on encouraging younger generations to understand and support the Vietnam-China Comprehensive Strategic Cooperative Partnership.

For his part, Chinese Ambassador to Vietnam He Wei said the hosting of the celebration showed that HCM City has attached importance to strengthening bilateral ties. He expressed his hope that the celebration will inspire Chinese businesses to invest and do business in the city.

Reflecting on the 75-year history, He acknowledged that despite challenges, the relations between Vietnam and China have flourished and reaped positive outcomes in multiple sectors, including politics, defence, trade, tourism, and people-to-people exchanges.

He expressed optimism that Ho Chi Minh City, as Vietnam’s economic engine and a pioneer in the country’s reforms, will benefit from the positive development of Vietnam-China relations.

The Ambassador also hoped that the city and Chinese localities will continue to step up cooperation and strengthen economic, trade, and investment ties while enhancing people-to-people exchanges.

Vietnam-China bilateral relations promoted to new height

Jan. 18 (Nhân Dân) — Vietnamese Ambassador to China Pham Thanh Binh speaks to the Vietnam News Agency’s correspondents in Beijing about the outstanding achievements in bilateral relations and expectations for future cooperation on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of diplomatic ties between the two nations (January 18, 1950 –2025) and the Year of Vietnam-China Humanistic Exchange.

Reporter: 2025 marks a significant milestone as Vietnam and China are celebrating the 75th anniversary of diplomatic relations. What are the prominent achievements in the relationship between the two countries over the past 75 years?

Ambassador Pham Thanh Binh: China was the first country in the world to establish diplomatic relations with the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (now the Socialist Republic of Vietnam) on January 18, 1950, marking an important milestone in the history of the two countries’ relations.

Over the 75-year journey, the bilateral relationship has experienced ups and downs, but the two Parties, governments, and people of the two countries have stood shoulder to shoulder, offering immense and invaluable support to one another, contributing to the success of national liberation and construction and development of each country. The friendship of being both comrades and brothers, built and nurtured by President Ho Chi Minh and Chairman Mao Zedong, along with generations of the two countries’ leaders, has become a valuable asset of both nations.

Especially since the normalisation of relations in 1991, the relationship between the two Parties and two countries has been continuously promoted to new heights, obtaining important achievements and milestones.

On politics, the leaders of the Party, State, Government, National Assembly and Fatherland Front of the two countries regularly meet to promote traditional friendship, strengthen political trust and deepen cooperation across various fields while well controlling disagreements, orienting and promoting the healthy and long-term stable development of Vietnam-China relations.

The two sides have determined to develop bilateral relations with the motto of friendly neighbourliness, comprehensive cooperation, long-term stability and looking toward the future (1999) and the spirit of good neighbours, good friends, good comrades, good partners (2005), and agreed to establish the Vietnam-China comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership (2008) – the highest cooperation framework in Vietnam’s relations with countries around the world.

Following General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam Central Committee Nguyen Phu Trong’s official visit to China in October 2022, during the state visit to Vietnam by General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and President of China Xi Jinping in December 2023, both sides agreed to continue deepening and elevating the comprehensive strategic partnership between the two countries, and building a Vietnam-China community with a shared future that carries strategic significance. They outlined six major orientations comprising stronger political trust, more substantial cooperation in defence-security, deeper and more practical cooperation, more solid social foundation, closer multilateral coordination, and better management and settlement of differences, for the well-being of the people of both countries and for peace and progress of humankind.

During the successful state visit to China by Party General Secretary and State President To Lam in August 2024, the the two countries’s leaders continued to affirm that developing bilateral relations is a priority in each country’s foreign policy, and agreed to further strengthen the Vietnam-China comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership.

People-to-people, cultural, educational, and tourism exchanges between the two countries have also gained notable attainments. Over 23,000 Vietnamese students are currently living and studying in China. Chinese tourist arrivals to Vietnam have been on a steady rise. In 2019, before the COVID-19 pandemic broke out, Vietnam welcomed 5.8 million Chinese visitors, accounting for 30% of all international tourist arrivals. In 2024, Vietnam accommodated approximately 3.7 million Chinese tourists, up 214.4% increase from 2023, making China Vietnam’s second-largest source of tourists after the Republic Korea.

The two countries have resolved two of the three border and territorial issues with the signing of the Land Border Agreement in 1999 and completing the land border demarcation work in 2008, and signing the agreement on the demarcation of the Gulf of Tonkin in 2000.

Regarding maritime disputes, senior leaders of the two Parties and countries have reached significant common perceptions on well managing disagreements and maintaining peace and stability in the East Sea.

The two sides signed an agreement on basic principles guiding the settlement of sea-related issues between Vietnam and China (2011), established and maintained the government-level negotiation mechanism on border and territorial issues as well as three expert-level mechanisms on the area off the mouth of the Tonkin Gulf and on cooperation in less sensitive areas at sea and cooperation for joint development at sea.

The valuable lessons learned from the negotiations to settle border issues on land and the delimitation of the Gulf of Tonkin, along with the agreement on basic principles guiding the settlement of sea-related issues and the common perceptions reached by the two countries’ senior leaders, will serve as a foundation and source of trust for both sides to continue negotiations for peaceful settlement of the East Sea issue, based on friendly relations, mutual respect for each other’s legitimate rights and interests, and in line with international law, particularly the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the East Sea (DOC) signed between the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and China.

It can be said that the ongoing emphasis on fostering, expanding, and deepening bilateral relations reflects the strategic vision of leaders of both Parties and countries. This approach has brought significant practical benefits to both nations’ people, while creating a peaceful and stable environment conducive to mutual development, contributing to peace, stability, and development in the region and the world.

Reporter: In your opinion, where should Vietnam and China focus their cooperation as they enter a new phase of development? What are your expectations for the future development of bilateral relations?

Ambassador Pham Thanh Binh: This is an opportune moment to advance the relations between the two countries to a higher, deeper, and more substantive level. Both sides should focus on implementing and concretising the high-level common perceptions aimed at deepening and elevating the comprehensive strategic partnership, and building the Vietnam-China aommunity with a shared future that carries strategic significance following the “six major orientations,” focusing following specific tasks:

First, the two sides should coordinate effectively to prepare for future high-level exchanges and meetings.

Second, they should continue deepening cooperation across various sectors to achieve tangible results. This includes boosting investment, trade, and expanding the import of goods, especially Vietnamese agricultural products, along with implementing major projects that are the symbol of the growing Vietnam-China cooperation, and broadening cooperation in areas that China has strength and Vietnam has demand such as science and technology, innovation, digital transformation, green growth, and clean energy.

Third, Vietnam and China should enhance people-to-people exchange, reinforcing the social foundation for bilateral ties. The year 2025 has been chosen as the Year of Vietnam – China Humanistic Exchange, and this should be seen as an opportunity to strengthen people-to-people exchange and promote friendship, encourage tourism recovery, and make effective use of revolutionary landmarks to educate the younger generations in both countries about the traditional friendship between the two Parties and two nations. We should also effectively implement the Vietnam-China Cultural and Tourism Cooperation Plan for the 2023-2027 period.

Fourth, the two countries should coordinate closely in managing the land border, enhance exchanges, and seek solutions to promote cooperation and development, while strengthening infrastructure connections, especially railway connections between the two countries, turning the border into an area of peace, stability, cooperation, and development. It is also essential to control maritime disagreements effectively, promote negotiation mechanisms, and respect each other’s legitimate rights and interests in accordance with international law, particularly UNCLOS 1982 and DOC.

I am confident that when both sides work together to implement the important common perceptions reached by the two countries’ senior leaders, and focus on these key areas of cooperation, Vietnam-China relations will continue to strengthen and develop comprehensively and practically, bringing tangible benefits to both countries’ people.

Reporter: Could you please outline activities and events that the Vietnamese Embassy in China plans to implement during the Year of Vietnam – China Humanistic Exchange to promote friendship and enhance people-to-people exchange?

Ambassador Pham Thanh Binh: In 2025, both countries will commemorate the 75th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations. This year will also be designated the Year of Vietnam – China Humanistic Exchange. It is an occasion for both sides to organise meaningful activities, including cultural, artistic, and people-to-people exchanges, aimed at enhancing mutual understanding, fostering and promoting the traditional friendship between the people of our two countries, particularly among the younger generations.

Currently, the embassy is actively coordinating with relevant agencies from both sides to organise humanistic exchange activities as part of a banquet marking the 75th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Vietnam and China in the host country. The event is expected to feature distinguished individuals from various sectors in China, along with a variety of meaningful and special events, such as photo exhibitions promoting the image of Vietnam and its people, presentations on Vietnamese culture and tourism, performances by artists from both countries, and stalls showcasing Vietnamese cuisine and agricultural products.

I am confident that these activities will further strengthen the friendship between our two countries and open up new opportunities for cooperation in the future.

Reporter: Thank you very much!

Grenadian PM: China’s people-centred development an inspiration for humanity

Prime Minister of Grenada Dickon Mitchell paid an official visit to China, January 11-17, becoming the first head of government to visit in 2025. The visit, which took in Beijing, Shanghai and Zhejiang province, also celebrated the 20th anniversary of the resumption of diplomatic relations between the two countries.

Announcing the visit at a January 9 press conference of the Chinese Foreign Ministry, spokesperson Guo Jiakun said that Grenada is an important country in the Caribbean region and an important partner of China in the region, adding that since the resumption of diplomatic ties, China and Grenada have always respected each other and treated each other as equals, understood and supported each other on issues concerning each other’s core interests and major concerns, and maintained sound and steady development of bilateral relations.

Prime Minister Mitchell met with the senior leaders of China on January 13.

President Xi Jinping said that China is willing to provide assistance for Grenada’s economic and social development within the framework of South-South cooperation. The two countries should foster new highlights of cooperation in fields such as new energy, green and low-carbon development, and digital economy.

Xi noted that in recent years, China-Grenada relations have developed steadily, with the two sides treating each other with mutual respect and equality, consolidating political mutual trust, achieving fruitful results in practical cooperation in various fields, and deepening the friendship between the two peoples.

China supports Grenada in independently exploring a development path suited to its national conditions, and stands ready to strengthen exchanges of governance experience.

Xi added that China also supports Grenada in enhancing its capacity in climate change response and disaster prevention and mitigation, and will continue to raise international awareness of small island countries’ concerns over climate change and their demands. China has always attached great importance to its relations with Caribbean countries and will continue to provide assistance within its capacity for the economic and social development of regional countries.

Mitchell expressed appreciation for China’s timely assistance after Grenada was hit by a devastating hurricane in July last year. Over the past 20 years, the Grenada-China relations have been continuously deepened, and Grenada firmly abides by the one-China principle and believes that China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity must be respected, he added.

He said Grenada, having benefited a lot from its relations with China, will continuously strengthen cooperation with China and learn from China’s experience in governance.

Anura Kumara Dissanayake: China has always been a reliable friend and partner of Sri Lanka

Anura Kumara Dissanayake, (popularly known as AKD), who was elected President of Sri Lanka in September 2024, and whose party, the National People’s Power (NPP), whose main component is the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP or People’s Liberation Front), Sri Lanka’s biggest Marxist party, then went on to win a supermajority in November 2024 parliamentary elections, paid a state visit to China from January 14-17 at the invitation of his Chinese counterpart Xi Jinping. Although it is his first visit as head of state, Dissanayake is an old friend of China.

Announcing the visit at a January 10 press conference, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson, Hua Chunying noted that China and Sri Lanka are traditional friendly neighbours. Since the establishment of diplomatic ties in 1957, China-Sri Lanka relations have stood the test of the changing international landscape and maintained sound and steady development, setting a good example of friendly coexistence and mutually beneficial cooperation.

President Dissanayake met with Xi Jinping on January 15. The Chinese leader said that China will actively support Sri Lanka in focusing on economic development and the two countries should jointly foster new highlights in high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, as well as cooperation in modern agriculture, digital economy and marine economy.

With joint efforts, he continued, China and Sri Lanka have continuously promoted strategic cooperative partnership featuring mutual assistance and ever-lasting friendship. High-quality Belt and Road cooperation and cooperation in various fields have achieved fruitful results, bringing tangible benefits to the two peoples.

Noting that China takes Sri Lanka as a priority in its neighbourhood diplomacy, Xi said that the country will continue to support Sri Lanka in maintaining its national independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity. China supports Sri Lanka in exploring a development path suitable for its national conditions, and is willing to deepen political mutual trust, exchange governance experience, and enhance dialogue and communication between various departments of the two countries. He further called for pooling the joint efforts of the Global South for solidarity and development, contributing to regional peace, stability and prosperity.

Noting that Sri Lanka admires China’s great development achievements in economy, science and technology, and infrastructure, Dissanayake said China has always been a reliable friend and partner of Sri Lanka, and Sri Lanka attaches great importance to its relations with China.

Sri Lanka firmly abides by the one-China principle, and appreciates China’s invaluable support in safeguarding Sri Lanka’s independence, sovereignty and legitimate rights and interests, he added.

Sri Lanka is committed to enhancing regional connectivity through the Belt and Road cooperation and welcomes more Chinese enterprises to invest and do business in the country, Dissanayake said, adding that Sri Lanka is willing to strengthen cooperation with China in infrastructure, energy, agriculture, finance, poverty reduction, digital transformation, tourism, marine industry and personnel training.

China plays a significant leading role in the Global South, as well as a constructive role in international affairs, he added. The Sri Lankan side is willing to continue strengthening coordination and mutual support with China on multilateral occasions to safeguard common interests.

The next day, Dissanayake met with Chinese Premier Li Qiang.

During the meeting, Li emphasised the enduring friendship between China and Sri Lanka, which has lasted for over a thousand years. “Over the past 68 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations, the relationship between the two countries has withstood the test of international changes and has maintained a steady and healthy pace of development.”

China is willing to import more high-quality products from Sri Lanka, and encourages capable Chinese enterprises to invest in Sri Lanka and hopes Sri Lanka will continue to optimise its business environment and provide more convenience and security for Chinese enterprises.

Dissanayake said that the Chinese government attaches great importance to the well-being of the people, has made remarkable achievements in economic and social development, and has fostered state-to-state relations based on mutual respect and mutually beneficial cooperation.

Pragmatism not ideology should define Britain’s relationship with China

In the following article, which was originally published in the Morning Star, our co-editor Keith Bennett assesses the recent China visit by UK Chancellor Rachel Reeves, the highest profile British visit to the country since Theresa May visited as Prime Minister in January-February 2018.

Keith notes that the visit, “restarted the Economic and Financial Dialogue (EFD) between the two countries, delivered limited but definite gains for the British economy, and was mired in domestic political controversy.”

Outlining the hesitant and partial nature of the Labour government’s re-engagement with China, and the backlash that even such tentative moves have engendered, he concludes:

The moves by the Labour government to reengage positively with China, limited and partial as they are, need to be welcomed. But the labour and trade union movement should press for them to go much further if Britain is to secure the jobs and investment we need and if we are to work constructively to tackle global challenges. This, in turn, will require standing up to the most reactionary sections of the ruling class and doubtless also to the incoming Trump administration across the Atlantic.

Chancellor Rachel Reeves returned to London on Monday January 13, following a three-day visit to China that took her to Beijing and Shanghai.

This first visit by a British Chancellor to the Asian economic giant in more than five years restarted the Economic and Financial Dialogue (EFD) between the two countries, delivered limited but definite gains for the British economy, and was mired in domestic political controversy.

In protocol terms, the high point of Reeves’s visit was her meeting with Chinese Vice-President Han Zheng.

According to the Xinhua News Agency, Han said that China and Britain are both major economies and financial heavyweights in the world, adding that strengthening economic and financial co-operation in the spirit of strategic partnership is of great significance to promoting economic growth, improving people’s lives and encouraging green development in the two countries.

China, he added, is willing to continue to expand openness and exchanges with Britain, enhance mutual understanding and trust, and deepen mutually beneficial co-operation to bring more benefits to the two countries and the world.

The news agency quoted Reeves as replying that the British side attaches importance to developing relations with China and is willing to strengthen candid dialogue and mutually beneficial co-operation to promote the economic development of each country.

The Economic and Financial Dialogue was co-chaired by Reeves and Vice-Premier He Lifeng. According to the British side, the total value of what was agreed is worth £600 million over the next five years for the British economy.

A briefing paper released by HM Treasury added: “Overall, this government’s re-engagement with China already sets us on course to deliver up to £1 billion of value for the UK economy.”

However, details of how the latter figure, in particular, was arrived at remain scant to non-existent.

Regarding the former figure, a Treasury factsheet drew particular attention to financial services, asserting that financial markets play an important role “in tackling shared global issues — whether climate change, biodiversity loss or ageing populations — and in delivering growth and prosperity” and welcoming China’s decision to grant new commercial licences and quota allocations for British firms, its commitment to issuing an inaugural offshore sovereign green bond in Britain in 2025, and Bank of China London branch’s intention to issue new dual currency sustainability related bonds in Britain in 2025.

China will remain a reliable friend and partner to the Republic of Congo

Following his visit to Namibia, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi next visited the Republic of Congo as the second leg of his Africa visit this January. In the 35^th consecutive year that China’s foreign minister made Africa his first overseas destination, Wang also visited Chad and Nigeria.

The Republic of Congo (also widely known as Congo Brazzaville to distinguish it from the Democratic Republic of Congo or Congo Kinshasha) is one of China’s oldest and staunchest friends on the continent of Africa. The two countries established diplomatic relations on 22 February 1964.

Wang Yi met with Congo President Denis Sassou Nguesso on January 7.

Recalling that President Xi Jinping chose Africa for his first overseas trip as Chinese president in 2013, during which he made a historic visit to the Republic of Congo, Sassou said this visit remains vivid in his memory. The Chinese president, he continued, proposed 10 partnership action plans at the Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) held in Beijing in September 2024, which cover all areas of China-Africa cooperation, focus on tackling Africa’s pressing challenges, and meet Africa’s needs.

Noting that this year marks the start of implementing the outcomes of the FOCAC Beijing Summit, Sassou said the Republic of Congo, as the FOCAC’s co-chair, will spare no effort in advancing the 10 partnership action plans and will strive for greater progress in China-Africa cooperation. (The Republic of Congo replaced Senegal as Africa’s rotating co-chair at the Beijing summit and will hold the position for three years.)

For his part Wang Yi said that Sassou is a renowned African politician and one of the African leaders who have visited China the most and met with President Xi the most, adding that the deep friendship between the two leaders serves as a vital political guarantee for China-Congo and China-Africa relations.

Calling the Republic of Congo a staunch friend and important partner of China, Wang praised the country’s vibrant development under Sassou’s leadership. China will remain the country’s most reliable friend and partner during its development and revitalisation journey, he said, adding that the Republic of Congo’s role as the FOCAC’s co-chair reflects Africa’s confidence in the country.

Speaking after their meeting, Wang said that China and the Republic of Congo had agreed to set an example for building an all-weather China-Africa community with a shared future for the new era. Noting that both sides agreed to continue upholding international fairness and justice, he said that the Chinese side appreciates the Republic of Congo’s unique role in international affairs and is willing to work closely with the country to support Africa in achieving peace and stability, addressing “climate injustice,” advocating for a balanced and orderly multipolar world, and promoting inclusive economic globalisation, so as to jointly build a community with a shared future for humanity.

In a press interview, when asked about the plans for China and the Republic of Congo, as FOCAC co-chairs, to implement the outcomes of the Beijing Summit, Wang said that FOCAC has played an important role in promoting Africa’s development and improving the livelihood of the African people. It has become a symbol of China-Africa solidarity and cooperation, a banner of South-South cooperation, and a model for leading international cooperation with Africa.

Over the 25 years since the forum’s establishment, China has helped Africa build 100,000 km of roads, more than 10,000 km of railways, nearly 1,000 bridges, and almost 100 ports. In the past three years alone, China has created more than one million jobs in Africa.

The forum has also launched numerous livelihood projects in Africa, including initiatives focused on food, water supply, and education, benefiting people across the continent. His current visit aims to collaborate with the Congolese side to build consensus on enhancing and upgrading cooperation within the forum. Together, he explained, China and the Republic of Congo have formulated a “timetable” and “roadmap” for the development of the forum over the next three years.

This year, the focus will be on holding a ministerial-level meeting to coordinate and accelerate the implementation of the forum’s outcomes to deliver more “early harvests.” Next year, the two sides will jointly mark the 70th anniversary of China-Africa diplomatic relations and “the China-Africa Year of People-to-People Exchanges” through joint events. The 18th senior officials’ meeting will accelerate the mid-term implementation of summit outcomes. In 2027, preparations for the 10th ministerial conference will serve as a driving force to ensure the comprehensive implementation and conclusion of summit outcomes.

Congo will host the 2027 FOCAC Summit.

The South China Morning Post noted that among the agreements reached at the last FOCAC Summit were measures to boost trade, economic and diplomatic relations, as well as military cooperation and strengthening of party-to-party relations, in addition to Xi’s funding commitment for the continent. These included zero tariffs on 100 per cent of goods from Africa’s least developed countries, as well as major land and sea connectivity projects.

Wang Yi also said that China will work with African countries to build the “Africa Solar Belt” program and help Africa truly embark on the path of green and low-carbon development.

When asked about how China and Africa jointly address climate change, Wang said that President Sassou’s high attention to the issue of climate change reflects the foresight of African leaders, adding that China has always supported Africa in achieving green development as the installed capacity of photovoltaic power plants built jointly has exceeded 1.5 GW, lighting up thousands of homes across the continent. China will also join hands with Africa to promote international climate governance, he added.

Noting that fair and common but differentiated responsibilities should be adhered to, Wang called on developed countries to face up to their historical responsibilities, earnestly fulfil their obligations, and provide financial, technical and capacity-building support to developing countries, especially African countries.

Wang Yi also held talks with his Congolese counterpart, Foreign Minister Jean-Claude Gakosso, pledging to implement the outcomes of the Beijing FOCAC Summit.

Describing the Republic of Congo as a steadfast friend of China, Wang said that the two countries have shared an unbreakable bond for more than 60 years since the establishment of diplomatic ties, which is characterised by consistent mutual understanding and support in the face of challenges.

As co-chair of FOCAC, the Republic of Congo reflects the high-level partnership between the two nations and embodies the aspirations of the African continent, Wang said, expressing his confidence in the Republic of Congo’s active fulfilment of its responsibilities as chair, contributing to the implementation of the FOCAC Beijing Summit’s outcomes and advancing China-Africa cooperation. These efforts, he added, will not only strengthen the Republic of Congo’s development but also enhance its international influence.

The South China Morning Post reported that Foreign Minister Gakosso has said Chinese funding could rehabilitate the country’s electricity infrastructure and upgrade the 512km (318 miles) Congo–Ocean Railway linking the Atlantic port of Pointe-Noire with the capital Brazzaville.

The following articles were originally published by the Xinhua News Agency.

We also embed a short extract from a CGTN Leaders Talk interview with President Sassou Nguesso, recorded in Brazzaville on February 23 last year, one day after the 60^th anniversary of diplomatic relations.

Asked for the reasons behind his country’s long-lasting relations with China, Sassou says that both the Chinese and Congolese peoples have suffered from oppression and colonisation in the past and both have fought for liberation. “Our shared aspirations for freedom and development unite us. Initially it was about shaking off colonial rule and occupation and later it was about building a future of peace, freedom and development together.”

Wang Yi in Namibia: China-Africa cooperation is more crucial than ever for the world

Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi began his first overseas visits of 2025 with a January 5-11 trip to Namibia, the Republic of Congo, Chad and Nigeria. This marks the 35th consecutive year that the Chinese foreign minister visits Africa on the first overseas tour at the start of the year, something that has become an important tradition and bedrock of Chinese diplomacy.

On January 6, Wang met with Namibian President Nangolo Mbumba in the city of Swakopmund.

He said that, despite the geographical distance, the bond between China and Africa has remained strong. The China-Africa relationship has withstood the test of changing global circumstances and is showing new promising prospects, he added, stressing that China remains a trustworthy partner for Africa, consistently prioritizing the continent in its overall diplomatic strategy.

For 35 years, Chinese foreign ministers have made Africa the destination of their first overseas visit of each year, a tradition that reflects China’s unwavering commitment, Wang said, adding that this tradition will continue because strengthening China-Africa cooperation is more crucial than ever for the world, and their joint development symbolises the rise of the Global South and the growing influence of justice.

At the Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) held in Beijing last year, Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed 10 partnership action plans to jointly advance modernisation and announced that the overall characterisation of China-Africa relations was elevated to an all-weather China-Africa community with a shared future for the new era.

Acknowledging Namibia’s unique resources and vast development potential, Wang said that the South West Africa People’s Organisation (SWAPO) Party of Namibia has adopted a people-centred governance philosophy and guided the country along a development path suited to its national conditions. (The close relations between SWAPO and China date back to Namibia’s armed struggle for independence against the apartheid regime in South Africa. SWAPO adopted socialism with Namibian characteristics as its guiding ideology in 2018.)

President Mbumba said that despite differences in size, Namibia and China have always maintained a relationship of friendship, solidarity and cooperation, based on mutual respect and support.

Namibia firmly adheres to the one-China principle, supports China’s efforts to safeguard its territorial integrity, including Taiwan, and admires the development achievements under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and the leadership of the Communist Party of China, he said, adding that Namibia looks forward to enhancing interparty exchanges with China and sharing governance experiences.

The same day Wang Yi met with Namibian President-elect Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah in the national capital of Windhoek.

He said that the 35-year of tradition of Chinese Foreign Ministers travelling first to Africa each year stems from the deep and enduring friendship between China and Africa, noting that whether during their struggle for national independence and liberation or in the pursuit of common development through mutually beneficial cooperation, China and Africa have always understood, trusted, supported and helped each other. (Global Times reported this as “the glorious years of striving for national independence and liberation”, while the Namibian newspaper New Era reported it as “the extraordinary times of fighting for national independence and liberation.”)

China and Iran call for an end to Israeli occupation, an immediate ceasefire, and full troop withdrawal

One of the last high level diplomatic visitors to China in 2024 was Iranian Foreign Minister Seyyed Abbas Araghchi, who held talks in Beijing with his Chinese counterpart Wang Yi on December 28.

The timing of this important visit is surely not coincidental, coming at the end of a tumultuous year in the West Asia region, with the continuing genocide in Gaza, spreading conflict involving Lebanon, Yemen and other states, exchanges of missile fire between Iran and Israel and, earlier in December, the overthrow of the legitimate Syrian government of Bashar al-Assad by extremist terrorist forces massively backed by outside powers.

At their meeting, Wang said that China called on the international community to respect the sovereignty and territorial integrity of countries in the Middle East, respect the legitimate and reasonable concerns of those countries, respect the independent choices made by the people of the Middle East, and respect the historical and cultural traditions of countries in that region.

Noting that the Middle East belongs to the people of the Middle East, he added that it is not an arena for major-power rivalry, nor should it be the victim of geopolitical competition among countries outside the region.

According to the Xinhua News Agency, the Chinese Foreign Minister went on to say that the successful meeting between the two heads of state during the 16th BRICS Summit, held in Kazan, Russia, provided strategic guidance for deepening China-Iran relations.

Noting the time-honoured China-Iran relations and the traditional friendship between the two peoples, Wang said that enhanced coordination and cooperation between China and Iran will not only benefit the two peoples, but also contribute to regional and world peace, stability and development. The two sides should continue to support each other on issues concerning their core interests, steadily promote practical cooperation and enhance cooperation in multilateral fields.

He called for closer coordination and cooperation within the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) framework and for the upgrading and strengthening of BRICS cooperation, to better safeguard the common interests of the Global South.

In the face of instability and uncertainty in today’s world, Wang emphasised that China and Iran must stay focused and strengthen solidarity and cooperation, jointly advocate and practice genuine multilateralism, and work for a more just and equitable global governance system.

Araghchi said that developing and deepening the comprehensive strategic partnership between Iran and China is the priority of Iran’s foreign policy, and Iran attaches great importance to China’s important role in upholding justice in international affairs.

The Palestine Chronicle reported that the top diplomats from China and Iran called for the restoration of Palestinian rights and the termination of Israel’s occupation, emphasising the need for an immediate ceasefire, full troop withdrawal, and humanitarian aid.

In a joint statement, it quoted the Anadolu news agency as reporting, the foreign ministers of China and Iran stressed the urgent need to address the Palestinian issue through the restoration of the Palestinian people’s legitimate rights and the end of Israel’s occupation,

The Palestine Chronicle report continued: “This visit marked Foreign Minister Araghchi’s first official trip to China since taking office. During the discussions, the two sides also addressed the situation in Lebanon, urging the effective implementation of the ceasefire agreements, and reiterating their commitment to respecting Syria’s sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity.

Serbian Foreign Minister: Deepening cooperation with China has become a social consensus in Serbia

Foreign Minister of Serbia Marko Djurić visited China in late December 2024 and held talks with his Chinese counterpart Wang Yi in Tianjin on December 20.

Wang Yi said that 2024 is a great year for China-Serbia relations. During President Xi Jinping’s successful state visit to Serbia in May, the two heads of state decided to build a China-Serbia community with a shared future in the new era, opening a new chapter in bilateral relations. The traditional friendship between China and Serbia was established in their joint opposition to power politics and bullying, forged in the struggle to defend independence and sovereignty, and nurtured through mutually beneficial cooperation and common development. Having withstood the test of the changing international landscape, bilateral friendship will only grow stronger over time, and as a result, the two countries have become true ironclad friends.

Serbia is welcome to board the express train of China’s development and join hands with China to realise their respective modernisation. China will continue to firmly support Serbia in safeguarding national sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity, and will continue to support Serbia’s development and growth.

Marko Djurić said that under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), China has completed poverty alleviation and made admirable great achievements in development. President Xi Jinping is a dearly beloved friend of the Serbian people, and his historic visit to Serbia has elevated bilateral relations to a new height. The relationship with China is a cornerstone of Serbia’s diplomacy, and deepening cooperation with China has become a cross-party and social consensus in Serbia.

The following article was originally published on the website of the Chinese Foreign Ministry.

On December 20, 2024, Member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Foreign Minister Wang Yi held talks with Serbian Foreign Minister Marko Djurić in Tianjin.

Wang Yi asked Marko Djurić to convey President Xi Jinping’s sincere greetings to President Aleksandar Vučić. Wang Yi said that this year is a great year for China-Serbia relations. During President Xi Jinping’s successful state visit to Serbia in May this year, the two heads of state decided to build a China-Serbia community with a shared future in the new era, opening a new chapter in bilateral relations. The traditional friendship between China and Serbia was established in their joint opposition to power politics and bullying, forged in the struggle to defend independence and sovereignty, and nurtured through mutually beneficial cooperation and common development. Having withstood the test of the changing international landscape, bilateral friendship will only grow stronger over time, and as a result, the two countries have become true ironclad friends. China-Serbia relations stay at the forefront of the times and follow the right direction of history. China is ready to work with Serbia to continuously create new prospects for bilateral relations.

Wang Yi said that China’s economy maintains high-quality growth, remaining at the forefront among major economies. China is constantly improving its high-standard opening-up system, which will not only provide impetus for China’s development, but also will provide new cooperation opportunities for Serbia and other countries in the world. Serbia is welcome to board the express train of China’s development and join hands with China to realize their respective modernization. China will continue to firmly support Serbia in safeguarding national sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity, and will continue to support Serbia’s development and growth. China appreciates Serbia’s positive response to and participation in the three global initiatives put forward by President Xi Jinping, and their joint efforts to uphold international fairness and justice.

Marko Djurić conveyed President Aleksandar Vučić’s sincere greetings to President Xi Jinping and extended congratulations on the 75th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Marko Djurić said that under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), China has completed poverty alleviation and made admirable great achievements in development. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee was successfully convened, with over 300 reform measures formulated to lay a solid foundation for future development. President Xi Jinping is a dearly beloved friend of the Serbian people, and his historic visit to Serbia has elevated bilateral relations to a new height. The relationship with China is a cornerstone of Serbia’s diplomacy, and deepening cooperation with China has become a cross-party and social consensus in Serbia. Serbia will continue to steadfastly pursue the one-China policy and firmly support China in safeguarding its national sovereignty and territorial integrity. Serbia looks forward to working with China to follow through on the important common understandings reached between the two heads of state, maintain high-level exchanges, strengthen economic cooperation, enhance connectivity, and promote greater development in bilateral relations. China plays a balancing and constructive role in international affairs. Serbia supports all the major initiatives put forward by China and backs the advancement of China’s cooperation with Central and Eastern European countries. Serbia looks forward to close communication and coordination with China to jointly tackle global challenges.

The two sides had an exchange of views on the Ukraine crisis and the situation in the Middle East.

Has US considered why it can’t stop China from developing in Latin America?

The following article by Ding Gang, originally published in Global Times, addresses president-elect Donald Trump’s recent threat to demand the “full and unconditional return” of the Panama Canal to the United States, asserting that the canal is essentially being run by China.

The accusation is of course nonsense; Chinese involvement in the operation of the canal is limited to a terminal renovation project led by a Chinese company, won through international bidding. Meanwhile, the threat to take the canal back is clearly illegal, and constitutes a violation of Panama’s sovereignty.

What is true is that economic cooperation between China and the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is blossoming. “China’s economic engagement has significantly expanded in the Caribbean, with trade volumes rising to over $11.8 billion in 2023. In the past two decades, Chinese companies have initiated major infrastructure and economic projects in Jamaica, the Bahamas, and Trinidad and Tobago.”

The key difference between China’s approach and that of the US is that “China’s growing influence in the region comes entirely from peaceful economic engagement and trade-based energy rather than military force… China is fostering deeper ties with the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean by emphasizing mutual economic benefits and sustainable development rather than geopolitical rivalry.”

The US might want to impede the China-LAC relationship, but it will not succeed, since this is a relationship which benefits the peoples of the region without compromising their sovereignty and independence.

Ding Gang is a senior editor with People’s Daily, and a senior fellow with the Chongyang Institute for Financial Studies at Renmin University of China.

Wang Xuguang, then a project manager at China Harbour Engineering Company, witnessed the same scene every day: cargo ships loaded with containers slowly passing through the Panama Canal, heading toward the Atlantic Ocean in the distance.

When I interviewed in Panama a decade ago, his company was building a terminal for the Taiwan company Evergreen Marine Corp. at Colón Port in Panama.

A Panamanian local half-jokingly told me that if Latin America is called the “backyard” of the US, then the location of this terminal must be regarded as the “front gate” of that backyard.

Fast forward 20 years – again, at this port, a terminal renovation project led by Hong Kong’s Hutchison Whampoa Limited drew criticism from several American politicians and media outlets. They claimed that the investment posed a potential threat to US shipping lines and pressured Washington to pay attention to the possibility of China gaining operational control over the Panama Canal.

However, in the 2010s, China Harbour Engineering Company won the contract for this project through international bidding, and this time, no American media expressed excessive concern.

Chinese companies and manufacturing in Panama and other Latin American countries have become commonplace.

Over the past 100 years, the canal’s operation has changed little. Yet the Panama Canal’s shipping routes have expanded from dozens to 144, now serving over 1,700 ports across 161 countries and regions. The “nationality” of the ships passing through the canal has also quietly transformed.

When entering the top-floor exhibition hall of the Panama Canal Museum, visitors are immediately greeted by a model of a COSCO shipping vessel. Above it is a large photograph of a container-laden cargo ship passing through the canal.

Currently, China is the second-largest user of the Panama Canal, next only to the US. It is also the second-largest source of cargo using the canal and the second-largest destination for cargo transported.

Meanwhile, the Colón Port, the world’s second-largest free trade zone after Hong Kong, has become a vital trade hub connecting China with Latin America. Over 90 percent of Chinese goods exported to the region, including neighboring countries such as the US, pass through this port. Panama has also emerged as a focal point for Chinese business investment in Latin America.

However, US President-elect Donald Trump has recently cited this development as a reason to take back control of the Panama Canal, hinting that the US cannot allow China to control such a strategically vital waterway.

On December 21, Trump posted on social media: “When President Jimmy Carter foolishly gave it away, for One Dollar, during his term in Office, it was solely for Panama to manage, not China, or anyone else.”

Panama’s President José Molino strongly condemned such hegemonic threats.

Trump’s comments emphasized the strategic significance of the Panama Canal. Still, he conveniently ignored an elementary truth – China’s growing influence in the region comes entirely from peaceful economic engagement and trade-based energy rather than military force. China has never sent a single soldier to the area.

China’s economic engagement has significantly expanded in the Caribbean, with trade volumes rising to over $11.8 billion in 2023. In the past two decades, Chinese companies have initiated major infrastructure and economic projects in Jamaica, the Bahamas, and Trinidad and Tobago.

These projects showcase how China is fostering deeper ties with the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean by emphasizing mutual economic benefits and sustainable development rather than geopolitical rivalry.

It has delivered the material for mutual economic development, including products supporting US and Chinese trade. The development of the Caribbean region is also beneficial to the US.

Washington had no intention of calculating how much profit it had gained through the canal due to its investments and trade with China. Instead, it monitors others’ ledgers while ignoring how Latin America benefits from the trade relationship with China. What is deeply hidden here is why the US wants to, but cannot, stop China’s economic and trade relations from developing in this region.

Wang Yi: Riding the trend of the times with a strong sense of responsibility

On December 17, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi, who is also a member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, delivered a major speech at an important year end symposium in Beijing on the international situation and China’s foreign relations.

Wang makes a detailed and profound exposition of the thinking behind China’s foreign policy and its stance on key questions, summarises the work of China’s diplomacy in 2024, and outlines priorities for the coming year.

Among some of the highlights of his speech are:

Building a community with a shared future for humanity is an important vision put forth by President Xi Jinping. It provides an incisive answer to the important question of “what kind of world to build and how to build it.” It envisions a historic progress in state-to-state relations from the pursuit of peaceful coexistence to that of a future shared by all.
The building of a community with a shared future for humanity has become a great enterprise joined by various parties. In the course of 2024, China and Brazil have announced joint efforts to build a China-Brazil community with a shared future for a more just world and a more sustainable planet, demonstrating their sense of responsibility as two emerging countries; China and Serbia have launched efforts to build a China-Serbia community with a shared future in the new era, the first of its kind in China’s relations with European countries.
What’s worth mentioning in particular is that Chinese and African leaders have agreed to build an all-weather China-Africa community with a shared future for the new era, giving expression to the shared desire of the 2.8 billion Chinese and Africans to pursue common development in greater solidarity.
We have actively worked for the restoration of world peace and endeavoured to save human lives. On the Ukraine crisis, we have always maintained an objective and impartial position, and actively pushed for peace talks. China and Brazil jointly issued the six-point consensus on political settlement of the Ukraine crisis. We also brought other Global South countries together to launch the Group of “Friends for Peace” to gather consensus for finding a path to peace.
The Gaza conflict has taken too many civilian lives. The immediate priority is a comprehensive ceasefire, the key is to ensure humanitarian assistance, and the fundamental way out is to realize the two-state solution. Over the past year, we have pushed for the adoption of the first resolution by the Security Council on a ceasefire in Gaza, facilitated the reconciliation dialogue and the signing of the Beijing Declaration by various Palestinian factions, and delivered multiple batches of humanitarian assistance to Gaza. We will continue to make unremitting efforts toward a comprehensive, just, and lasting solution to the Palestinian question.
We have mediated peace in northern Myanmar and facilitated multiple rounds of peace talks among conflicting parties.
We have supported Afghanistan in building an inclusive political framework and realising peace and reconstruction.
Facing the dramatic change in Syria, China will continue to stand with the Syrian people and uphold the “Syrian-led and Syrian-owned” principle. China opposes the attempt of terrorist forces to exploit the situation to create chaos, and will help Syria maintain its sovereignty and restore stability.
Over the past year, China’s cooperation with other developing countries has set a fine example, which has reinforced the trend of uniting for strength within the Global South. The collective rise of the Global South in the current chapter of history is a distinctive feature of the great transformation across the world. China will always be an important member of the Global South and always be committed to unity and invigoration of the Global South.
Building on its historic expansion last year and setting off this [coming] year from the new starting point of greater BRICS cooperation, BRICS is bringing more partners into its big family to make the platform a primary channel for strengthening solidarity and cooperation among Global South nations.
The China-Russia relationship, under the visionary guidance of the heads of state, has grown more mature and stable, demonstrated in a clearer way its independence and resilience, and set an example of friendly exchanges between major countries and neighbours. The three meetings between President Xi Jinping and President Putin this year further deepened the China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination.
China and Europe are two great civilisations of the world and two major forces of the times. China stands ready to work with the European side to handle differences and disputes properly, seek win-win solutions, and jointly safeguard free trade and multilateralism.
As long as China and the United States cooperate with each other, they can accomplish many great things together. In the meantime, China firmly safeguards its sovereignty, security and development interests, and firmly opposes the illegal and unreasonable suppression by the US side. In particular, with regard to the US’ gross interference in China’s internal affairs such as Taiwan, China has to make a firm and robust response to resolutely defend its legitimate rights and interests and safeguard the basic norms governing international relations.
China will be a firm force for justice in the face of the countercurrents of unilateralism and bullying. We will hold solemn commemorations for the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese people’s war of resistance against Japanese aggression and the world anti-fascist war, promote a correct view of history, uphold true multilateralism, and firmly safeguard the international system with the UN at its core, the international order underpinned by international law, and the basic norms governing international relations based on the purposes and principles of the UN Charter.

The following is the full text of Wang Yi’s speech. It was originally published on the website of the Chinese Foreign Ministry.

Dear Experts and Friends,

It gives me great pleasure to join you at the year-end for an in-depth discussion about the international situation and China’s diplomacy. Let me start by thanking all of you for your longstanding interest in and support for China’s diplomatic efforts.

In 2024, the world witnessed further transformation and instability, marked by protracted and intensified geopolitical conflicts, repeated attempts to decouple and sever supply chains, and the rapid rise of the Global South. It has become all the more clear where the once-in-a-century transformations are heading.

China pledges support to new Sri Lankan government ahead of proposed presidential visit to Beijing

In the following article, contributed to Friends of Socialist China, Shiran Illanperuma outlines positive steps in the relations between China and Sri Lanka since the recent elections, with new President Anura Kumar Dissanayake (AKD) expected to visit Beijing shortly.

Shiran sets these developments against a background of some key moments in China’s relations with Sri Lanka and specifically between the Communist Party of China and the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP), the party presently led by AKD, and refutes the persistent myth of Chinese ‘debt trap diplomacy’.

Shiran Illanperuma is a journalist and political economist based in Sri Lanka. He is a researcher and editor at Tricontinental: Institute for Social Research and a contributor to Friends of Socialist China. He has an MSc in Economic Policy from SOAS University of London.

China has pledged to support the recently elected government in Sri Lanka led by president Anura Kumar Dissanayake (AKD), ahead of a proposed visit by him to China. In the past few months, it has stepped up its aid, welcomed the country’s representation at the BRICS summit in Kazan, and organised visits by delegations from the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), International Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee (IDCPC), and the All-China Women’s Federation (ACWF).

AKD was elected to office in September 2024 with 42.3% of the popular vote. Two months later, in November 2024, his party the National People’s Power (NPP) secured a supermajority in Parliament by winning 61.6% of the popular vote in the general election. NPP describes itself as a political movement comprising 21 parties and civil society organisations. However, its main constituent is the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP or People’s Liberation Front) which is organised as a cadre-based Marxist-Leninist party, and of which AKD is also the leader.

On December 18, AKD met with Vice Chairperson of the National Committee of the CPPCC Qin Boyong. During the meeting, Qin said that preparations were underway to welcome AKD on a visit to China. The two also discussed completing unfinished Chinese investments in Sri Lanka and jointly building the Belt and Road Initiative.

On December 17, Vice President of the ACWF, Zhang Dongmei, met with Sri Lankan Prime Minister and National Executive Committee member of the NPP, Dr. Harini Amarasuriya. According to a report by Sri Lankan government media, Zhang shared China’s experience in in improving women’s workforce participation and grassroots representation. The two also discussed shared issues regarding women’s health and education.

The ACWF is China’s first countrywide women’s organisation, which was established after the revolution in 1949 and initially chaired by communist revolutionary and veteran of the Long March Cai Chang. Dr. Amarasuriya is notably Sri Lanka’s second female Prime Minister after Sirimavo Bandaranaike, who in July 1960 became the world’s first woman Premier. A trailblazer of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), she also forged a strong friendship with first generation Chinese leaders Chairman Mao Zedong and Premier Zhou Enlai, notably visiting China in 1962, welcoming Zhou Enlai to Sri Lanka in 1964, and being received by Chairman Mao in 1972.

On November 25, Vice Minister of the IDCPC Sun Haiyan led a delegation to meet with President Anura Kumar Dissanayake. According to a report by Sri Lankan government media, the delegation expressed China’s readiness to support Sri Lanka on developmental matters such as rural upliftment, technological transfers, and investment. The delegation also pledged to help train education officials. Sun Haiyan had previously met a delegation of the JVP led by AKD in Beijing in December 2023. During that meeting, held nearly a year ahead of elections, both sides had agreed to improve party-to-party exchanges. (The IDCPC delegation also met with a number of other political parties, including Samagi Jana Balawegaya, Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna, the Communist Party of Sri Lanka, Pivithuru Hela Urumaya, and National Freedom Front.)

Assessing recent high level encounters between Britain and China

In the following article, which was originally published by the Morning Star, Kenny Coyle assesses the significance of two recent high level encounters between Britain’s new Labour government and China, namely Foreign Secretary David Lammy’s China visit in October and Prime Minister Keir Starmer’s meeting with President Xi Jinping the next month, in the margins of the G-20 Summit in the Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro.

Comparing and contrasting the Chinese and British read outs of the two meetings, Kenny notes how Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi rebuffed Lammy’s attempts to interfere in China’s internal affairs, forcing him, with what Kenny wittily describes as a “double-Lammy”, into stating that: “Britain remains steadfast in honouring its commitment to the Taiwan question since the establishment of diplomatic relations and will stick to it in the long term.”

Kenny then spells out exactly what this means: “Although you wouldn’t know from Britain’s readout, which does not mention Taiwan even once, Wang Yi made Lammy squirm. The British side essentially had to reiterate longstanding British policy, dating back to 1972 in the [Sir Edward] Heath era, where Lammy’s predecessor as foreign secretary, Sir Alec Douglas-Home, stated to the House of Commons that: ‘The government of the United Kingdom acknowledge the position of the Chinese government that Taiwan is a province of the People’s Republic of China.

“‘Both the government of the People’s Republic of China and Taipei maintain that Taiwan is a part of China. We held the view both at Cairo and at Potsdam that Taiwan should be restored to China. That view has not changed. We think that the Taiwan question is China’s internal affair to be settled by the Chinese people themselves.’”

It need only be added that given Lammy’s general level of (in)competence and manifest unsuitability for his current position, it is highly likely that he was utterly clueless as to what Alec Douglas-Home might have said on the matter when the two countries established full diplomatic relations. It is at least equally likely that Douglas-Home’s knowledge of the international agreements forged towards the end of World War II was considerably superior to that of the present Foreign Secretary.

Kenny also focuses on the absence of any mention of Xinjiang in the British read out of Starmer’s meeting with President Xi, let alone of any question of supposed genocide in the Chinese autonomous region, a preposterous charge that the hapless Lammy in particular was previously all too happy to bandy about.

As Kenny notes: “The current and previous British governments stand accused of complicity in a televised, live-streamed genocide, namely the one in Gaza. Starmer’s own rancid apologetics for Israeli war crimes is a matter of public record.”

Indeed, it was in the same month as Starmer’s meeting that 37 rights organisations excoriated Lammy’s wilful obfuscation and denial with regard to the all too real ongoing genocide in Gaza. (The full text and list of signatories may be found here.)

Similarly, and ironically on the very day that Starmer met Xi, William Schabas, former president of the International Association of Genocide Scholars and the author of more than 20 books on genocide and other international law topics, lacerated both Starmer and Lammy for their denial of the Gaza genocide. He told Middle East Eye:

“These people are hypocrites. They speak with a forked tongue. They do not interpret or apply the Genocide Convention in a consistent manner.”

Regarding the situation in Xinjiang, he added: “There is no serious evidence of killings. Not millions. None. The treatment of Uyghurs in China and that of Palestinian Arabs cannot be compared.”

TWICE over the past two months, senior British government figures have met with their Chinese counterparts. The first encounter was Foreign Secretary David Lammy’s meeting with Chinese foreign policy chief Wang Yi in Beijing in October; the second was the talk between Prime Minister Keir Starmer and Chinese President Xi Jinping at the G20 summit in Rio de Janeiro in Brazil in November.

As is usual with high-level diplomatic bilateral meetings, the full transcripts of the discussions have not been disclosed. Aside from initial pleasantries and photo opportunities, the substantial items of these bilateral talks are always private and confidential.

What we can glean from these two meetings for now is set out in the official “readouts” issued by each government. These readouts are usually predictably formulaic. First, each side indulges in diplomatic pleasantries, second, they highlight areas of broad agreement, and then subtly, the readout may mention issues of disagreement. Finally, it often ends with anodyne suggestions along the lines of “We really should catch up more.”

A careful inspection of the readouts of Lammy’s meeting with Wang Yi and the Starmer-Xi Rio talks is helpful for revealing not just what they say but what they don’t.

If we look at Britain’s Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FDCO) interpretation of the October Lammy meeting, it starts positively enough. It sets out shared aims of “achieving the global green transition” and “promoting secure and resilient growth through increased trade and investment, which creates jobs, drives innovation, boosts productivity and provides economic stability and certainty” for the British economy. They agreed that Britain and China can support both countries” growth objectives.”

Britain’s readout then moves on to obvious areas of difference on the Nato-Russian war in Ukraine and the crises in west Asia (Middle East).

“The Foreign Secretary urged Wang Yi to take all measures to investigate and to prevent Chinese companies from supplying Russia’s military. The Foreign Ministers agreed to continue to discuss this and other broader foreign policy issues, such as the ongoing conflict in the Middle East.”

No mention of preventing Britain from supplying Israel’s military, of course, but no big surprises here.

Then Lammy unwisely turns to China’s internal affairs.

“Human Rights were discussed, including in Xinjiang, and the Foreign Secretary referenced this as an area in which Britain and China must engage, even where viewpoints diverge. Hong Kong is a shared interest, and the Foreign Secretary raised serious concerns around the implementation of the National Security Law and the ongoing treatment of British national Jimmy Lai, again calling for his release.”

How does China’s readout of the same meeting compare? Beijing’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs note largely agrees with the FCDO on the obvious benefits of co-operation rather than conflict.

“The British Labour government has put forward the proposal to develop a long-term, stable and strategically significant relationship with China. The Chinese side has positively evaluated this proposal, as it conforms to the historical logic and practical needs of the bilateral relationship, serves the fundamental interests of the two peoples, and aligns with the historical trend and the international situation.”

But then comes the pushback. First of all, Wang Yi gently reminds Britain’s Foreign Secretary that an MP for Tottenham lecturing China on Chinese soil about Chinese issues is hardly conducive to the “bilateral engagement” that Britain leaders claim to seek.

“Noting that Taiwan and Hong Kong affairs are China’s internal affairs, and non-interference in internal affairs is a fundamental principle of international relations, Wang said both sides should respect each other’s concerns, strengthen dialogue on the basis of equality, enhance understanding, and create an atmosphere for communication and co-operation.

Then the Chinese move in for the second strike, a double-Lammy, if you will.

“Britain remains steadfast in honouring its commitment to the Taiwan question since the establishment of diplomatic relations and will stick to it in the long term, Lammy said.”

Although you wouldn’t know from Britain’s readout, which does not mention Taiwan even once, Wang Yi made Lammy squirm. The British side essentially had to reiterate longstanding British policy, dating back to 1972 in the Heath era, where Lammy’s predecessor as foreign secretary, Sir Alec Douglas-Home, stated to the House of Commons that: “The government of the United Kingdom acknowledge the position of the Chinese government that Taiwan is a province of the People’s Republic of China.

“Both the government of the People’s Republic of China and Taipei maintain that Taiwan is a part of China. We held the view both at Cairo and at Potsdam that Taiwan should be restored to China. That view has not changed. We think that the Taiwan question is China’s internal affair to be settled by the Chinese people themselves.”

Naturally, this does not sit well with the increasingly visible and well-funded Taiwan-separatist lobby at Westminster. It shows, of course, that what British leaders tell China is not necessarily what they tell the British people.

Tellingly, Lammy downgraded the Xinjiang question from one of alleged and utterly unproven “genocide,” a pre-election position held by the Parliamentary Labour Party, to the vague but unimpeachable appeal to human rights.

The Downing Street readout on the November 18 Rio summit was terse, just eight paragraphs. This is the key one.

“The Prime Minister said that he also wanted to engage honestly and frankly on those areas where we have different perspectives, including on Hong Kong, human rights and Russia’s war in Ukraine.”

No mention of Xinjiang at all, nor of Israel’s genocide in Gaza, not even Taiwan.

A number of commentators have assumed that the policy shift on Xinjiang is related purely to the Starmer government’s hope to reset economic relations with Beijing, see for example, “Labour backtracks on Uighur ‘genocide’ stance as Lammy heads to China” (Daily Telegraph, October 17). However, given Britain’s continued utilisation of the Hong Kong situation, this is unlikely to be the whole story.

One other explanation is that the Xinjiang genocide propaganda simply hasn’t worked where it was supposed to. The majority Muslim countries of west, central and south-east Asia have, more often than not, expressed guarded support or at least sympathy for China’s view that one key factor in the Xinjiang question is the role of global Islamist extremist networks and terrorist groups.

Uighur terrorists have been apprehended as far afield as Thailand and Indonesia, for example. The recent resurgence of terrorist attacks in Syria’s Aleppo region, which by sheer coincidence synchronised with the Lebanon-Israel ceasefire, involves armed groups drawn from several Turkic-speaking terror groups. These include Chinese Uighur fighters from the Al Qaida-linked Katibat al Ghuraba al Turkistan (KGT).

Or perhaps, just as with the allegations of Tibetan genocide, which notably intensified in the run-up to the Beijing Olympics in 2008 and then gradually dissipated, there is neither the evidence nor continuing credulity to sustain these propaganda projects.

However, there may be yet another rather more obvious reason.

The current and previous British governments stand accused of complicity in a televised, live-streamed genocide, namely the one in Gaza. Starmer’s own rancid apologetics for Israeli war crimes is a matter of public record.

Whether through shame, embarrassment, or guilt, the British Prime Minister and Foreign Secretary have good reason to drop the term genocide from their anti-China rhetoric. It seems Starmer and Lammy, or their advisers, are fully conscious of this absurd and self-incriminating juxtaposition.

Xi Jinping holds talks with Cambodia’s senate president Hun Sen

Veteran Cambodian leader Samdech Techo Hun Sen, who is currently the President of the Cambodian People’s Party (CPP) as well as of the country’s Senate, paid an official goodwill visit to China, December 2-4, at the invitation of the Communist Party of China (CPC).

Chinese President Xi Jinping, who is also General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, met with Hun Sen on December 3 and called for firm mutual support to consolidate the ironclad friendship between the two countries. He said that China has always regarded Cambodia as a high priority in its neighbourhood diplomacy and is willing to work together with the country to build a high-quality, high-level and high-standard China-Cambodia community with a shared future in the new era.

Xi called on both sides to deepen exchanges and mutual learning to seek common development. He said the CPC is willing to strengthen strategic communication and cooperation in cadre training with the CPP, and to assist Cambodia in exploring a development path that aligns with its national conditions.

Against the backdrop of an international landscape fraught with instability, change and various global challenges, Xi added, China will continue to support Cambodia in playing a greater role in international and regional affairs, and help boost the strength of the Global South.

He expressed China’s support for ASEAN (the Association of South East Asian Nations) to adhere to its strategic autonomy and its opposition to external forces introducing Cold War mentality into the region. China is ready to work with Cambodia with firm determination to strengthen collaboration and coordination, and jointly address various risks.

Noting that the Cambodia-China friendship has withstood the test of history and time, Hun Sen expressed his country’s gratitude to China for its invaluable support and assistance in Cambodia’s political, economic, and social development over the years. He added that China is Cambodia’s most trusted friend. Friendship with China is a consensus within the CPP, which will not undergo any changes with intergenerational leadership transitions in Cambodia, he added.

The following day, Hun Sen met with Zhao Leji, a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Chairman of the National People’s Congress (NPC) Standing Committee, who noted that the building of the China-Cambodia community with a shared future has entered a new era of high quality, high level and high standard.

Hun Sen said that Cambodia-China cooperation is of great significance to Cambodia’s economic development and poverty alleviation. Cambodia will deepen all-round friendly cooperation with China and firmly push forward the building of a Cambodia-China community with a shared future.

On December 2, he had met with Wang Huning, a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).

Hun Sen spoke highly of China’s development achievements under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. He said that Cambodia and China are iron-clad friends, and that Cambodia is willing to strengthen exchanges and cooperation with China in various fields, provide firm mutual support, work together to meet challenges, and promote the building of a Cambodia-China community with a shared future.

The following articles were originally published by the Xinhua News Agency.

Xi holds talks with Cambodia’s senate president Hun Sen

BEIJING, Dec. 3 (Xinhua) — Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and Chinese president, held talks with Cambodian People’s Party (CPP) President and Senate President Samdech Techo Hun Sen in Beijing on Tuesday, calling for firm mutual support to consolidate the ironclad friendship between the two countries.

Xi said China has always regarded Cambodia as a high priority in its neighborhood diplomacy and is willing to work together with Cambodia to build a high-quality, high-level and high-standard China-Cambodia community with a shared future in the new era.

The two sides should seize opportunities to make new progress in win-win cooperation, Xi said, adding that China is ready to work with the Cambodian side to continuously enrich the “Diamond Hexagon” cooperation framework, and promote the effective implementation of key cooperative projects.

Against the backdrop of an international landscape fraught with instability, change and various global challenges, Xi said, China will continue to support Cambodia in playing a greater role in international and regional affairs, and help boost the strength of the Global South.

Xi expressed China’s support for the ASEAN to adhere to its strategic autonomy and its opposition to external forces introducing Cold War mentality into the region. China is ready to work with Cambodia with firm determination to strengthen collaboration and coordination, and jointly address various risks, he added.

Noting that the Cambodia-China friendship has withstood the test of history and time, Hun Sen expressed Cambodia’s gratitude to China for its invaluable support and assistance in Cambodia’s political, economic, and social development over the years.